Ng\u00e0y nay, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean do kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef g\u00ecn m\u1eaft khi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i n\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1eaft b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo c\u1eb7p k\u00ednh c\u1eadn. Tuy \u0111eo k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eaft k\u00e9m n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111eo k\u00ednh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1eaft k\u00ednh ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb c\u1ea3. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 lu\u00f4n mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 nh\u00e3n khoa c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (c\u0169) \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra k\u0129 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb t\u1eeb b\u0103ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u0111\u00fang v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c. Sau n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t minh ra dao m\u1ed5 laze khi\u1ebfn thao t\u00e1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n, chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng thay th\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed5 ngo\u1ea1i khoa th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed5 laze, \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed5 c\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng laze, ta s\u1ebd t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eadn th\u1ecb nh\u00e9! C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c, th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3, v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00e1c. Trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111i qua v\u1eadt th\u1ec3, t\u1edbi gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1ea3nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u1edf v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 v\u1eadt \u1edf c\u1ef1 li g\u1ea7n, \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa s\u1ebd b\u1ecb m\u1edd, nh\u00ecn kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd, m\u1eaft c\u1eadn th\u1ecb th\u00ec tr\u1ee5c nh\u00e3n c\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 d\u00e0i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 th\u1ee7y tinh th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u1edf v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c. M\u1eaft k\u00ednh c\u1eadn th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5u k\u00ednh l\u00f5m, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00e2n k\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00f9m s\u00e1ng, khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u1edf xa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i \u0111\u00fang v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111eo k\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p laze l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt laze \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 cong c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c, gi\u00fap \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 v\u1eadt th\u1ec3. Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y laze exime, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ra s\u00f3ng tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i d\u00e0i 193 nm (1 nm = 10-9 m). D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, laze t\u1eebng ch\u00fat t\u1eebng ch\u00fat ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u201cgia c\u00f4ng\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1c, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201ccon dao ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt\u201d v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tinh x\u1ea3o. Laze c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1edd t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc, \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ec5 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p laze c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb hay t\u1eadt lo\u1ea1n th\u1ecb \u1edf m\u1eaft, c\u00f3 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ng\u1eafn, an to\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111au, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 sau m\u1ed5 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, \u0110\u1ee9c, Anh, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng laze, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi tr\u00ean 93%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Laze, c\u1eadn th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0y nay, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean do kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef g\u00ecn m\u1eaft khi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i n\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1eaft b\u1ecb c\u1eadn th\u1ecb, su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111eo c\u1eb7p k\u00ednh c\u1eadn. Tuy \u0111eo k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eaft k\u00e9m n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ecb l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111eo k\u00ednh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5966","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5966","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5966"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5966\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5966"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5966"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5966"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}