{"id":5976,"date":"2021-11-20T10:17:38","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T03:17:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=5976"},"modified":"2021-11-20T13:24:07","modified_gmt":"2021-11-20T06:24:07","slug":"trong-hop-dung-dung-cu-hoc-tap-cua-ban-thuong-co-mot-thuoc-thang-bang-nhua-trong-suot-tren-mat-thuoc-co-in-tung-vach-thang-cac-vach-nho-cach-nhau-mot-milimet-muoi-vach-nho-bang-mot-xentimet-1000-v","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/trong-hop-dung-dung-cu-hoc-tap-cua-ban-thuong-co-mot-thuoc-thang-bang-nhua-trong-suot-tren-mat-thuoc-co-in-tung-vach-thang-cac-vach-nho-cach-nhau-mot-milimet-muoi-vach-nho-bang-mot-xentimet-1000-v\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb theo h\u1ec7 m\u00e9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u1ec9?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/a> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a trong su\u1ed1t, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 in t\u1eebng v\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf c\u00e1ch nhau m\u1ed9t milimet, m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t xentimet, 1000 v\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb theo h\u1ec7 m\u00e9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u1ec9? Th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u1edf m\u1ed7i th\u1eddi k\u00ec c\u00f3 khi c\u00f2n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1eefa. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XVIII, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm ra ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec l\u00e2u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd cho r\u1eb1ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u0103m 1790, gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o kinh tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn l\u1ea5y 1\/10 tri\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh tuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111i qua Pari \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;m\u00e9t&#8221;. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ebf ra m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng platin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m 1889, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u1ef1a theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, d\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p kim platin &#8211; iri\u0111i ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef X l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Th\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn t\u1ea1i C\u1ee5c \u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Pari. Th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn Pari \u0111\u1ec3 so m\u1eabu v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u1ea5y. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0, n\u00f3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ec1m y\u1ebfu, mu\u1ed1n duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 trong ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 n\u0103m. Hai l\u00e0, h\u1ee3p kim platin &#8211; iri\u0111i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1nh co, n\u00f3ng gi\u00e3n. Ba l\u00e0, th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i, th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i l\u00e2u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n, h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00f3 lan truy\u1ec1n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. D\u00f9ng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1960, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kho\u00e1 11 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e9t b\u1eb1ng 1650763,73 l\u1ea7n b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng cam c\u1ee7a kpypton &#8211; 86 ph\u00e1t ra trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi ph\u00e1t minh ra laze , do t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a laze t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00f3i cao, khi d\u00f9ng b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a laze l\u00e0m chu\u1ea9n g\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c so v\u1edbi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb kpypton &#8211; 86 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao t\u1edbi 1.000.000 l\u1ea7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady, laze nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh &#8220;th\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng&#8221; l\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tuy \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a laze nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1i th\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n. Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 1983, trong H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kho\u00e1 17 h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Pari, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u1eefu quan l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a m\u00e9t, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng lan truy\u1ec1n trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng trong th\u1eddi gian 1\/299792458 gi\u00e2y. V\u00ec r\u1eb1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u00ean c\u00e1i &#8220;th\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng&#8221; m\u1edbi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a : Th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e9t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n; Kinh tuy\u1ebfn; Kpypton &#8211; 86; Laze .<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a trong su\u1ed1t, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 in t\u1eebng v\u1ea1ch th\u1eb3ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf c\u00e1ch nhau m\u1ed9t milimet, m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t xentimet, 1000 v\u1ea1ch nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb theo h\u1ec7 m\u00e9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5976"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5976\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}