C\u00f4pecnic – nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Ba Lan trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng “B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3” \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb l\u00e2u: Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00ec tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, C\u00f4pecnic \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qua h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, Ticho Brahe – nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0110an M\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u quan s\u00e1t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, Keple – nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ba \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Keple” ho\u1eb7c “ba \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0nh tinh”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh el\u00edp. T\u00e2m sai c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh el\u00edp kh\u00e1c nhau, M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong hai ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a el\u00edp. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong ba \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Keple, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Keple ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian b\u1eb1ng nhau th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh tinh v\u1edbi t\u00e2m M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi s\u1ebd qu\u00e9t th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch nh\u01b0 nhau. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt di\u1ec7n t\u00edch. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u00e0y g\u1ea7n M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0nh tinh t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u00e0y xa M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Keple \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch “T\u00e2n thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc” n\u0103m 1609. 10 n\u0103m sau, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1619 trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng “B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5” Keple \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 3 sau khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: b\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chu k\u1ef3 T c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n R c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 3 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng T 1 v\u00e0 T 2 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a hai h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi; R1 v\u00e0 R2 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi th\u00ec c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Keple v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 3. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng vui s\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng su\u1ed1t 16 n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ba \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 3 c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf: chu k\u1ef3 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 \u00fd, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: H\u00e0nh tinh; \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt Keple.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00f4pecnic – nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Ba Lan trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng “B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3” \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb l\u00e2u: Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay quanh M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh quay […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7052","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7052","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7052"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7052\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7052"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7052"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7052"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}