{"id":7321,"date":"2021-11-20T13:01:08","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T06:01:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=7321"},"modified":"2021-11-20T15:09:14","modified_gmt":"2021-11-20T08:09:14","slug":"the-nao-la-he-thong-dinh-vi-ve-tinh-toan-cau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/the-nao-la-he-thong-dinh-vi-ve-tinh-toan-cau\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t cho d\u00f9 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n th\u1ecdc tay v\u00e0o t\u00fai l\u1ea5y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u00e1y nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 GPS).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m 1973 B\u1ed9 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng M\u1ef9 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 nhu c\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb, d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u00e1o gi\u1edd b\u1eb1ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 GPS v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1992 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. GPS g\u1ed3m ba b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn l\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ea1m m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. V\u1ec7 tinh d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m 24 v\u1ec7 tinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 21 v\u1ec7 tinh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ba v\u1ec7 tinh d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean s\u00e1u qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ed9 cao qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 2 v\u1ea1n km, g\u00f3c nghi\u00eang 550o, chu k\u1ef3 quay l\u00e0 12 gi\u1edd. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec7 tinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c theo ba to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u00e1y thu GPS c\u00f3 anten, m\u00e1y thu, m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n v\u1ec7 tinh ph\u00e1t ra, qua \u0111\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 15 m, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 0,1 m\/s, \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 10-7 s (\u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb cho d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, kho\u1ea3ng 100 m).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a GPS l\u00e0 M\u1ef9 mu\u1ed1n cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb cho ba binh ch\u1ee7ng v\u1ec1 trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 v\u1ec7 tinh qu\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh n\u0103m 1991 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc do M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng GPS v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean b\u1ed9, cho m\u00e1y bay, n\u00e9m bom, xe v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i xe t\u0103ng, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e9t m\u00ecn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n xe v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eadu c\u1ea7n, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hi\u1ec7n nay GPS ngo\u00e0i d\u00f9ng cho qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t cho d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u1ebft t\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c t\u00e0u ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e1y bay tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t th\u0103m d\u00f2 tr\u00ean n\u00fai cao, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn xe taxi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng GPS \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng to l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t cho d\u00f9 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n th\u1ecdc tay v\u00e0o t\u00fai l\u1ea5y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i m\u00e1y nh\u1ecf l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o v\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ec7 tinh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-vat-ly"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7321"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7321\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}