D\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt, th\u1eddi gian thi \u0111\u1ea5u ng\u1eafn. Khi s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi t\u00ean thi \u0111\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 tr\u1eadn thua gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p do b\u1ed1c th\u0103m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh g\u1eb7p nhau tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm, n\u00ean l\u00e0m cho \u00e1 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc ti\u1ebfp sau c\u00f3 khi c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u01b0a ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00ec v\u1eady trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ghi t\u00ean thi \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u kh\u00e1c: th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u theo th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n? D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ta s\u1ebd xem m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 15 l\u1edbp, m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i b\u00f3ng tham gia thi \u0111\u1ea5u, n\u1ebfu cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi \u0111\u1ea5u theo th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t, xem x\u00e9t c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bao nhi\u00eau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t thi \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 15 \u0111\u1ed9i thi \u0111\u1ea5u, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi 14 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean v\u1edbi 15 \u0111\u1ed9i thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 15 x 14 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i tr\u1eadn c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ed9i thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi nhau n\u00ean s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda n\u00ean s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u00e0 (15 x 14)\/2 = 105 tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ta l\u1ea1i x\u00e9t s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u trong gi\u1ea3i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 1998 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p. V\u00f2ng chung k\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 32 \u0111\u1ed9i tham gia. N\u1ebfu su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u thi \u0111\u1ea5u theo th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n th\u00ec s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0 (32 x 31)\/2 = 496 tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u00f3i chung n\u1ebfu cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u00ednh cho n \u0111\u1ed9i tham gia th\u00ec s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 n x (n-1)\/2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, th\u1eddi gian thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec v\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa hai th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c: thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u chia b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5u theo th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n cho t\u1eebng b\u1ea3ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thi \u0111\u1ea5u theo th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1ebfu v\u1edbi 15 \u0111\u1ed9i thi \u0111\u1ea5u ta chia l\u00e0m ba nh\u00f3m, m\u1ed7i nh\u00f3m n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m s\u1ebd t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n. Ta th\u1eed xem \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh bao nhi\u00eau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb ba nh\u00f3m thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng, ba \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng hai \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c \u00e1 qu\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong v\u00f2ng 1: 5 x 4\/2 + 5 x 4\/2 + 5 x 4\/2 = 30 tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong v\u00f2ng 2: 3 x 2\/2 = 3 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 30 + 3 = 33 tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ea1i x\u00e9t c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u trong v\u00f2ng chung k\u1ebft v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 1998. Trong v\u00f2ng chung k\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 32 \u0111\u1ed9i tham gia thi \u0111\u1ea5u. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, 32 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh t\u00e1m b\u1ea3ng, m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9i. Trong m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thi \u0111\u1ea5u theo th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1edf v\u00f2ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng, \u1edf v\u00f2ng hai t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c \u00e1 qu\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea7u: 4 x 3\/2 x 8 tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng hai: t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng s\u1ebd thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i \u00e1 qu\u00e2n: 8 x 7\/2 = 28.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Xin m\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch b\u00f3ng b\u00e0n v\u1edbi 26 \u0111\u1ed9i nam v\u00e0 15 \u0111\u1ed9i n\u1eef tham gia. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t. N\u1ebfu chia th\u00e0nh ba b\u1ea3ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nam chia th\u00e0nh hai b\u1ea3ng m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng ch\u00edn \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i n\u1eef chia th\u00e0nh hai b\u1ea3ng m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00f2ng chung k\u1ebft b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 1998, 32 \u0111\u1ed9i thi \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh t\u00e1m b\u1ea3ng, trong m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh 48 tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u. M\u1ed7i b\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 16 \u0111\u1ed9i. D\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ecdn ra b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0o, l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh hai tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn hai \u0111\u1ed9i m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o chung k\u1ebft: \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i \u00e1 qu\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n cho thi \u0111\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed9i 3 v\u00e0 4. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u s\u1ebd l\u00e0 48 + 8 + 4 + 2+ 1 + 1 = 64 tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp;Th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00f2ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ed1 tr\u1eadn thi \u0111\u1ea5u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt, th\u1eddi gian thi \u0111\u1ea5u ng\u1eafn. Khi s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ghi t\u00ean thi \u0111\u1ea5u nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ee9c v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 tr\u1eadn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-toan-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7595"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7595\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}