\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ta s\u1ebd b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 tr\u00fang th\u01b0\u1edfng hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u1eadn may c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00fang th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi 100 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 100.000 s\u1ed1 g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 s\u1ed5 l\u00e0m ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1edf th\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ed5 c\u00f3 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 \u1edf gi\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c \u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m s\u1ed1 83317. Tr\u00fang th\u01b0\u1edfng 30.000 \u0111.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng 32901 \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u00ec v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o, ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng 28.000 \u0111.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 hai theo th\u1ec3 l\u1ec7:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 trong 10 v\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 000001 \u0111\u1ebfn 10.000; c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 trung gian c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa hai s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 10 v\u1ea1n s\u1ed1. Do t\u1eeb c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 000000 \u0111\u1ebfn 099999 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u1ef3 \u00fd ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 0 – 9. Trong 10 ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 0 – 9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 10 lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, 10 v\u1ea1n ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i, v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 t\u1eeb 000000 \u0111\u1ebfn 099999 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p 1 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 = 100.000 lo\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 100.000 s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u1eeb 1 – 100.000 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 100.000 + 1 t\u1ee9c 100.000 s\u1ed1 – 1 (t\u1ee9c s\u1ed1 000000) = 100.000<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u1eafm ch\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00fang th\u01b0\u1edfng cho m\u1ed7i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ta b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ea3i s\u00e1u l\u00e0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, t\u1ee9c \u1edf ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u00fang th\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ch\u1eef s\u1ed1 \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 1 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 5 = 50.000 lo\u1ea1i t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i s\u00e1u l\u00e0 50.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u0169ng v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng l\u00ed do s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i n\u0103m s\u1ebd l\u00e0 1 x 10 x 10 x 10 x 1 x 1 = 1000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0 100 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i ba 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i nh\u00ec n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, tr\u00fang gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ta s\u1ebd t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0: 50.000 x 2 + 1000 x 20 + 100 x 100 + 20 x 1000 + 5 x 5000 + 1 x 100.000 +1 x 28.000 + 1 x 30.000 = 243.000 \u0111. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi m\u00e0 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 100.000 x 100 = 10.000.000 \u0111. V\u00e0 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng so v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi l\u00e0 243.000\/10.000.000 = 2,43%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1eeba tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c hai, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1edfng so v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n g\u1eedi l\u00e0 4,05%. Theo c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1eeba tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ta th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi hai c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi h\u01a1n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 mua h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1ec1 ra h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec m\u1edf c\u1eeda, \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm theo \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c mua ch\u1ecbu h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c mua tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1eb9n sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n m\u1edbi tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ebfu \u0111em 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eedi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u00ec sau 1 n\u0103m \u1eaft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0 5% m\u1ed9t n\u0103m th\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 1050 \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u1ebfu n\u0103m nay mua h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm m\u00e0 sang n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea3 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t. V\u00ec v\u1eady sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 cho c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1n 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u00e3i theo nh\u01b0 l\u00e3i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn 1050 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 1050 n\u0103m sau t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 1000\u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n l\u00e3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n ti\u1ec1n cho m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau (c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau (1050 \u0111) th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed x l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 1050 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh: x (1 + 5%) = 1050 \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ta c\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
x = 1050 \/ 1+5% \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 1 n\u0103m sau nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i 1050 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1eady v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 sau hai n\u0103m s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i l\u00e0 1100\u0111.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed x l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n b\u1ecf ra \u0111\u1ec3 sau hai n\u0103m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i 1100 \u0111\u1ed3ng, ta c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x (1 + 2 x 5%) = 1100 \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 x = 1100 \/ 1+2 x 5% \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 1100 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o hai n\u0103m sau c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 5%. N\u1ebfu v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t p% th\u00ec c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau \u0111\u00e2y cho ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh s\u1ed1 v\u1ed1n x c\u1ea7n b\u1ecf ra \u0111\u1ec3 sau n n\u0103m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea3 v\u1ed1n l\u1eabn l\u00e3i l\u00e0 b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
X\u00e9t cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n ch\u1ecbu. Trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm, khi nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 mua. Ngo\u00e0i ra trong h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee7 h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1eady d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 ch\u1eadm? Sau \u0111\u00e2y ta x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 2180 \u0111\u1ed3ng. M\u1ed9t c\u1eeda hi\u1ec7u mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ea3 d\u1ea7n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1ea3 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng cho c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn h\u00e0ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng tr\u1ea3 200 \u0111\u1ed3ng, quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3 s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng li\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 sau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u0169ng v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t 5%, m\u1ed7i k\u00ec tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng 200 \u0111\u1ed3ng. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 200\u0111 khi tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng l\u00e0: 200 \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea3 trong k\u00ec th\u1ee9 hai t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i x2 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c l\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 ba, th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u2026s\u1ebd l\u00e0<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1000 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00ec gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 cho m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1ea7n sau t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi: 1000 + 199 + 198,01 + 197,04 + 196, 08 + 195,12 + 197,12 = 2179,12 \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 mua m\u00f3n h\u00e0ng l\u00e0: 1000 + 6 x 200 = 2.200 \u0111<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 2179,12 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n ngay l\u00e0 2180 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng sai kh\u00e1c bao nhi\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Tr\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u1eedi ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi? D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y ta s\u1ebd b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p so s\u00e1nh ch\u1ecdn h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7632","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-toan-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7632","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7632"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7632\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7632"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7632"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7632"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}