{"id":7646,"date":"2021-11-20T14:13:20","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T07:13:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=7646"},"modified":"2021-11-20T17:13:32","modified_gmt":"2021-11-20T10:13:32","slug":"giai-thuong-quoc-te-ve-toan-hoc-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/giai-thuong-quoc-te-ve-toan-hoc-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nobel l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf danh v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nobel, nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc l\u1eebng danh \u0111em m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i Nobel kh\u00f4ng \u00edt, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh: V\u1eadt l\u00ed, ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, sinh l\u00ed h\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c y h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh, kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc v.v\u2026 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i d\u00e0nh cho to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u01b0u t\u00fa do nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Fields \u0111\u1eb7t ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fields l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Canada, sinh n\u0103m 1863, m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1932. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, Fields kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn l\u1edbn trong gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1924, trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf Toronto, Fields \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i tr\u00edch kinh ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp n\u00ean m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Khi qua \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 di ch\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i gia s\u1ea3n l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng. Fields c\u0169ng ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y t\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1936, t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 10 \u1edf Auslin, gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Ph\u1ea7n Lan Alfus v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 Tocaras. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, theo d\u00f5i quan t\u00e2m. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng cao, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n cho \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1ea3i Nobel cho gi\u1edbi to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Hoa Kh\u01b0u Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3: Kh\u01b0u Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed3ng sinh ra \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1949, sau \u0111\u00f3 theo gia \u0111\u00ecnh di c\u01b0 sang H\u1ed3ng C\u00f4ng. N\u0103m 1965 thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, khoa to\u00e1n h\u1ec7 trung v\u0103n. H\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Kh\u01b0u Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Tr\u1ea7n T\u0129nh Th\u00e2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n. V\u1ec1 sau Kh\u01b0u Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed3ng theo Tr\u1ea7n T\u0129nh Th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn bang California l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Berkeley. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n T\u0129nh Th\u00e2n, Kh\u01b0u Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t nhanh, n\u0103m 22 tu\u1ed5i nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, n\u0103m 28 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. Do nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u0103m 1978, t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Kh\u01b0u Th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o khoa h\u1ecdc trong m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd. N\u0103m 1981, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1ea1m Hi Lu\u00e2n; n\u0103m 1982, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i gi\u1ea3i Fields, gi\u1edbi to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Wolf. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1976, Wofl c\u00f9ng d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd hi\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Wolf. Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Wolf c\u00f3 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i: v\u1eadt l\u00ed, ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, y h\u1ecdc, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1981 l\u1ea1i th\u00eam gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e9t t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed7i n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e9t t\u1eb7ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1978 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1985 th\u00ec ng\u1eebng. \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 74 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Wolf, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 14 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Hoa Tr\u1ea7n T\u0129nh Th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Wolf v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1984.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Fields, gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Wolf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nobel l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf danh v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nobel, nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc l\u1eebng danh \u0111em m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i Nobel kh\u00f4ng \u00edt, bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh: V\u1eadt l\u00ed, ho\u00e1 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7646","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-toan-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7646","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7646"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7646\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7646"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7646"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7646"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}