B\u00e0i to\u00e1n 36 s\u0129 quan b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft. Truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c duy\u1ec7t binh l\u1edbn, truy\u1ec1n l\u1ec7nh cho s\u00e1u chi \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ednh tham gia \u0111\u1ec3 duy\u1ec7t binh. Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed7i chi \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn s\u00e1u s\u0129 quan c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m kh\u00e1c nhau (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn s\u0129 quan th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1, trung t\u00e1, thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng u\u00fd, trung u\u00fd, thi\u1ebfu u\u00fd). V\u1eady m\u1ed7i chi \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ecdn s\u00e1u s\u0129 quan th\u00ec s\u00e1u chi \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 36 s\u0129 quan. Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u0129 quan x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh s\u00e1u h\u00e0ng ngang v\u00e0 s\u00e1u h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc, \u1edf m\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng ngang v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng h\u00e0m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb. Vi\u00ean s\u0129 quan \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u00e0y \u0111i, x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh theo \u0111\u00fang y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1ec1 sau, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n lan truy\u1ec1n ra ngo\u00e0i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ai n\u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ai thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cv\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 36 s\u0129 quan\u201d v\u00e0 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u00e0y th\u00e0nh n\u0103m h\u00e0ng ngang, n\u0103m h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3y h\u00e0ng ngang b\u1ea3y h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e1u h\u00e0ng ngang s\u00e1u h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ta th\u1eed x\u00e9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh b\u1ea3y h\u00e0ng ngang b\u1ea3y h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan. \u1ede m\u1ed7i h\u00e0ng ngang, h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1eef c\u00e1i A, B, C, D, E, F, G bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan t\u1eeb 7 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p s\u0129 quan kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y nay b\u00e0i to\u00e1n 36 s\u0129 quan thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ma tr\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c ma tr\u1eadn ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch x\u1ebfp s\u00e1u h\u00e0ng ngang s\u00e1u h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ma tr\u1eadn vu\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p s\u00e1u. Do t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ma tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n nh\u1edd c\u00e1c ch\u1eef c\u00e1i Latinh A, B, C, D\u2026 n\u00ean c\u00e1c ma tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00f4 vu\u00f4ng Latinh. B\u1ea3ng vu\u00f4ng Latinh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c giao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea3ng vu\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c giao\u201d. B\u00e0i to\u00e1n 36 s\u0129 quan thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng vu\u00f4ng Latinh tr\u1ef1c giao. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ki\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t \u01a1le (L. Euler) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 ma tr\u1eadn vu\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p s\u00e1u theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng Ph\u1ed5 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p Thali ch\u1ee9ng minh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1901. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n 36 s\u0129 quan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ma tr\u1eadn vu\u00f4ng Latinh tr\u1ef1c giao. C\u00e1c ma tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a>, th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, trong khoa h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt lu\u00f4n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng vu\u00f4ng Latinh trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a>, th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a, t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: B\u00e0i to\u00e1n 36 s\u0129 quan; Ma tr\u1eadn vu\u00f4ng Latinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" B\u00e0i to\u00e1n 36 s\u0129 quan b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft. Truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c duy\u1ec7t binh l\u1edbn, truy\u1ec1n l\u1ec7nh cho s\u00e1u chi \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ednh tham gia \u0111\u1ec3 duy\u1ec7t binh. Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed7i chi \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn s\u00e1u s\u0129 quan c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-toan-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7676"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7676\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}