N\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u1ea1o n\u00ean? T\u1eeb h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. M\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi khoa h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: C\u00e1c v\u1eadt tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u do m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0: cacbon, hy\u0111ro, oxy, nit\u01a1, s\u1eaft\u2026t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 oxy v\u00e0 s\u1eaft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, c\u00f2n oxit s\u1eaft l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, v\u00ec oxit s\u1eaft l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 s\u1eaft v\u00e0 oxy t\u1ea1o n\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ebfn nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 109 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1. T\u1eeb nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 93 \u0111\u1ebfn 109 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, trong \u0111\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 109 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd n\u1eeda tin n\u1eeda ng\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi 109 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m l\u1edbn cho l\u1eafm m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ea3 c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u1ea1 c\u1ea3. Ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u00e9t ch\u1eef, con ch\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft n\u00ean nh\u1eefng pho s\u00e1ch thi\u00ean kinh, v\u1ea1n quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3 sao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u0169ng v\u1eady. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c nhau, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c nhau cho “k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p” v\u1edbi nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. Ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn 3 tri\u1ec7u lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, do nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 do hai nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 oxy v\u00e0 hy\u0111ro t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. Monooxit cacbon v\u00e0 \u0111ioxit cacbon \u0111\u1ec1u do hai nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 oxy v\u00e0 cacbon t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. Kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y (metan), kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1t thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, than \u0111\u00e1, vaz\u01a1lin \u0111\u1ec1u do hai nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 cacbon v\u00e0 hy\u0111ro k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh. R\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o, tinh b\u1ed9t l\u00e0 do 3 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 cacbon, hy\u0111ro, oxy t\u1ea1o n\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u1edbi do c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng do c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ch\u00fang “kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb9n m\u00e0 n\u00ean” \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c “v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i” nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ea1ch \u0111i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch quang ph\u1ed5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u00ean th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1; H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng th\u00ec m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi do c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u1ea1o n\u00ean? T\u1eeb h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. M\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi khoa h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu v\u1eadt m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: C\u00e1c v\u1eadt […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7735","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7735"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7735\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7735"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7735"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}