Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9, th\u1ef1c ra so v\u1edbi s\u1eaft th\u00ec nh\u00f4m d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 khi nh\u00f4m b\u1ecb g\u1ec9, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ed7, s\u1ea7n s\u00f9i nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01a1n l\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp g\u1ec9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1edbp oxy kim lo\u1ea1i do t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i \u1ea9m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi oxy v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed7i h\u00fat m\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Khi s\u1eaft b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp oxit s\u1eaft x\u1ed1p, oxy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ecdt qua l\u1edbp s\u1eaft oxit m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi l\u1edbp s\u1eaft kim lo\u1ea1i b\u00ean trong l\u1edbp s\u1eaft oxit v\u00e0 g\u00e2y g\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Nh\u00f4m th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: Khi nh\u00f4m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi oxy s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp nh\u00f4m oxit (Al2O3). L\u1edbp nh\u00f4m oxit n\u00e0y b\u00e1m r\u1ea5t ch\u1eafc v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m n\u00ean ng\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho oxy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nh\u00f4m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m m\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng mu\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng cho mu\u1ed7i b\u00e1m v\u00e0o da \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00fat m\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u1edbp m\u00e0ng oxit n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 axit v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ki\u1ec1m, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m ch\u1ec9 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea5u c\u01a1m, \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 sinh axit ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m m\u1ea5t v\u1ebft b\u00f3ng n\u00ean l\u1ea5y c\u1ecf, r\u01a1m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1t \u0111\u00e1nh cho b\u00f3ng. D\u00f9ng c\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft l\u1edbp oxit nh\u00f4m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m do ma s\u00e1t. C\u00f2n d\u00f9ng c\u00e2y c\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tho\u00e1t ra nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 kali cacbonat c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0 tan l\u1edbp oxit nh\u00f4m. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ea1ch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc. Khi b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m, ngay t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e1ng b\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp nh\u00f4m oxit b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, nh\u00f4m l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb oxy ho\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1edd x\u00e1m, m\u1edd \u0111\u1ee5c. Sau m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m l\u1ea1i m\u00f2n \u0111i m\u1ed9t \u00edt v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
L\u1edbp nh\u00f4m oxit tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 0,00001mm ho\u1eb7c d\u00e0y h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m b\u1eb1ng dung d\u1ecbch natri sunfat 20% v\u00e0 dung d\u1ecbch axit nitric 10% \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y l\u1edbp oxit nh\u00f4m. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m m\u1edbi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng x\u00e1m \u0111\u1ee5c ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Nh\u00f4m; Nh\u00f4m oxit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u00f4m kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9, th\u1ef1c ra so v\u1edbi s\u1eaft th\u00ec nh\u00f4m d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb g\u1ec9 h\u01a1n. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 khi nh\u00f4m b\u1ecb g\u1ec9, b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00f4m kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ed7, s\u1ea7n s\u00f9i nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft m\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u01a1n l\u00e1ng. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp g\u1ec9 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kim lo\u1ea1i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7769"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7769\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}