{"id":780,"date":"2021-10-07T23:27:52","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T23:27:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=780"},"modified":"2021-10-14T22:11:40","modified_gmt":"2021-10-14T15:11:40","slug":"tinh-chat-hoa-hoc-dac-trung-cua-kim-loai-la-gi-hoa-hoc-lop-9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/tinh-chat-hoa-hoc-dac-trung-cua-kim-loai-la-gi-hoa-hoc-lop-9\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Kim lo\u1ea1i la\u0300 gi\u0300 \u2013 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp 9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm 80% trong t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chung c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. V\u1eady t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec? Sau \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbp 9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u chung v\u1ec1 kim lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ean ti\u1ebfng anh l\u00e0 metal. Kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra ion(+) (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 cation) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft kim lo\u1ea1i. Kim lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 do \u0111\u1ed9 ion h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi kim v\u00e0 \u00e1 kim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1, kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edf nh\u00f3m IA (tr\u1eeb H), IIIA (tr\u1eeb Bo),nh\u00f3m IIA v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong nh\u00f3m IVA, VA, VIA. Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m B ( t\u1eeb nh\u00f3m IB \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00f3m VIIIB). Nh\u1eefng kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 g\u1ed3m h\u1ecd Lantan v\u00e0 actini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1ecb tr\u00ed nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea3ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u0110\u0103ng ky\u0301 ho\u0323c th\u01b0\u0309 mi\u00ea\u0303n phi\u0301 m\u00f4n Ho\u0301a ho\u0323c t\u01b0\u0300 l\u01a1\u0301p 8 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n l\u01a1\u0301p 12<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i kim lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0m 3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfm. Kim lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 oxi h\u00f3a, kim lo\u1ea1i hi\u1ebfm \u00edt b\u1ecb \u0103n m\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1ch kim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en v\u00e0 m\u00e0u. Kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111en c\u00f3 m\u00e0u \u0111en g\u1ed3m: s\u1eaft, crom, titan v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u c\u00f3 \u00e1nh kim v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u00e0ng, k\u1ebdm,..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9. Kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang b\u00e9 h\u01a1n 5 g\/cm3 g\u1ed3m: K, Al, Na, Mg,.. Kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 5 g\/cm3 nh\u01b0: Cu, Zn, Au, Fe, Ag, Pb,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3: Tr\u1eeb Hg \u1edf th\u1ec3 l\u1ecfng, \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn v\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o tinh th\u1ec3. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n li\u00ean k\u1ebft r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c electron h\u00f3a tr\u1ecb do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c electron di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 do trong m\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 kim lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m: l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m di\u1ec7n (Cu, Au, Ag,..), l\u1ee5c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Mg, Be, Zn,\u2026), l\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m kh\u1ed1i (Na, Li, K,\u2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac tinh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o nguy\u00ean t\u1eed: nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt electron \u1edf l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng ( ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1,2 ho\u1eb7c 3 electron)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5: Mg: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>       Na: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u0103\u0323c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i la\u0300 gi\u0300?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a> v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Oxi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi oxi \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh oxit. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kim lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi oxi l\u00e0 Pt, Au, Ag,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3Fe + 2O2 \u2192 Fe3O4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">4Cr + 3O2 \u2192 2Cr2O3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi Oxi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>B\u00e2\u0323t mi\u0301 ca\u0301ch \u0111a\u0301nh bay n\u00f4\u0303i s\u01a1\u0323 m\u00f4n Ho\u0301a ho\u0323c \u2013 Vietlearn<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chung c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi phi kim kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi phi kim \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i. T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi phi kim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2Al + 2S \u2192 Al2S3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2Fe + 3Cl2 \u2192 2FeCl3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch axit (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: HNO3, HCl, H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng,\u2026) k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u00ed H2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2Al + 6HCl \u2192 2AlCl3 + 3H2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mg + 2HNO3 \u2192 Mg(NO3)2 + H2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi HNO3, H2SO4 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi HNO3: k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i nitrat v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A + HNO3 \u2192 A(NO3)n + {NO, NO2, N2, NH4NO3, N2O) + H2O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi H2SO4: k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1i sunfat v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A + H2SO4 \u2192 M2(SO4)n + {S, SO2, H2S} + H2O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Tham kha\u0309o: \u01af\u0301ng du\u0323ng ho\u0323c tr\u01b0\u0323c tuy\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300u Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam \u2013 Vietlearn<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m th\u1ed5 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi mu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o ra mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb K, Ba, Na,\u2026 v\u00ec trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng, kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1m th\u1ed5 tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">2Al + 3FeSO4 \u2192 3Fe + Al2(SO4)3<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fe + CuSO4 \u2192 FeSO4 + Cu<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mg + FeCl2 \u2192 Fe + MgCl2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch mu\u1ed1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng kim lo\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh g\u1ed3m: K, Na, Ca, Li, Ba, Sr,\u2026trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra dung d\u1ecbch baz\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A + nH2O \u2192H2 + A(OH)n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kim lo\u1ea1i trung b\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m: Zn, Mg, Al, Fe,\u2026 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00ed hidro H2 v\u00e0 oxit kim lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">3Fe + 4H2O h\u01a1i \u2192 4H2 + Fe3O4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t xong v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u0103\u0323c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1edb ph\u1ea7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi HNO3 v\u00e0 H2SO4 trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i t\u1eadp nh\u00e9, v\u00ec d\u1ea1ng b\u00e0i n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a> v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u0103\u0323c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/a> v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fac b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Kim lo\u1ea1i \u2013 H\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t H\u00f3a 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbp 9<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a phi kim \u2013 Nh<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfm 80% trong t\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim lo\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-780","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-trung-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/780","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=780"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/780\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=780"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=780"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=780"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}