Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a> y\u00eau th\u00edch. \u0110\u01a1n gia\u0309n la\u0300 v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c th\u00ec m\u00f4n H\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 nh\u1eb1n t\u1edbi v\u1eady. Nh\u00e2\u0301t la\u0300 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng Vietlearn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hay. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i 33 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H\u00f3a 8 ngay b\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u00e9 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng trong b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H\u00f3a 8 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u0103m h\u1ecdc sau. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ed9i dung m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H\u00f3a 8 c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i dung quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf l\u00e0 b\u00e0i s\u1ed1 33 trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh H\u00f3a 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc n\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tr\u00ean. V\u1eady c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ph\u1ea7n b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a> c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Xin m\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ti\u1ebfp theo nh\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u0103ng ky\u0301 ho\u0323c th\u01b0\u0309 mi\u00ea\u0303n phi\u0301 m\u00f4n Ho\u0301a ho\u0323c t\u01b0\u0300 l\u01a1\u0301p 8 \u0111\u00ea\u0301n l\u01a1\u0301p 12<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf hidro. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp 8 th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro trong 2 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 2 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed hidro \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n Trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf ra kh\u00ed hidro b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cho axit lo\u00e3ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kim lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf hidro trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i axit n\u00e0o c\u0169ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kim lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng axit \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hidro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Axit s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ea1o hidro ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 axit HCl lo\u00e3ng ( axit clohydric ) ho\u1eb7c axit H2SO4 lo\u00e3ng ( axit sunfuric ). L\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng axit lo\u00e3ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi axit \u0111\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00e1ch thu kh\u00ed hidro sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 kim lo\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc hidro trong d\u00e3y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u00ec ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 k\u1ebdm, s\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f4m ( Zn, Fe, Al,\u2026). Sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf xong th\u00ec c\u00f3 2 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n thu kh\u00ed hidro. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y n\u01b0\u1edbc, hai l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00ec trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro. Ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng than kh\u1eed oxi trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed H2O tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng C kh\u1eed H2O trong n\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra H2 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 2 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra 2 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed H2 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed O2. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o H2 trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf hidro t\u1eeb kh\u00ed m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n Kh\u00ed t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00ed m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u l\u00e0 2 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf hidro c\u1ef1c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00ed hidro c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra kh\u00ed hidro clorua. Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro clorua b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho H2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Cl2. \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tham kha\u0309o: \u01af\u0301ng du\u0323ng ho\u0323c tr\u01b0\u0323c tuy\u00ea\u0301n ha\u0300ng \u0111\u00e2\u0300u Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam \u2013 Vietlearn<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n K\u1ebft th\u00fac ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed9i dung s\u1ed1 1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 2, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf. V\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. Trong \u0111\u00f3, nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n ch\u1ea5t s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 trong h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. V\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hidro trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do v\u00ec sao b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf trong b\u00e0i t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa H\u00f3a 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf kh\u00ed hi\u0111ro \u2013 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf. Hi v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n t\u00f3m t\u1eaft l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n <\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u2013 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Hi\u0111ro \u2013 H\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u00f3a 8<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc sinh y\u00eau th\u00edch. \u0110\u01a1n gia\u0309n la\u0300 v\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n cho r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c th\u00ec m\u00f4n H\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 nh\u1eb1n t\u1edbi v\u1eady. Nh\u00e2\u0301t la\u0300 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-trung-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=788"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/788\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}