thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a>, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y bay v\u0169 tr\u1ee5: L\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec7t. Theo c\u00e1c \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c khi m\u00e1y bay v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111ang bay th\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y bay c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 1800\u00b0C, v\u00ec v\u1eady v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i b\u1ec1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy ho\u00e1, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u1edf l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1600\u00b0C th\u00ec do s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n t\u1ed1t. V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f2n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\nV\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang tu\u1ef3 theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u0169ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb g\u1ed1m v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i, \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 100% g\u1ed1m, theo \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1m gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n 0%; trong khi \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ph\u00eda kia, ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i 100% v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n khi \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda kia, \u1edf m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd l\u00e0 0%. \u1ede ph\u00eda th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1m l\u1edbn s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t th\u1ea5p n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia, ph\u00eda gi\u00e0u kim lo\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn, t\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t nhanh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00f2n b\u00ean trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t ranh gi\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c l\u00f2 nung ch\u1ea3y h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, \u1edf m\u1eb7t trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed1m ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, trong khi \u1edf m\u1eb7t ngo\u00e0i l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea7n ch\u1ecdn v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang g\u1ed1m – kim lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Trong y h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, r\u0103ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o. Ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng apatit. \u1ede trung t\u00e2m r\u0103ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc, \u1edf l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee9ng cao. Khi tr\u1ed3ng r\u0103ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p \u1edf ch\u00e2n r\u0103ng, khi\u1ebfn r\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o h\u00e0m, c\u00f2n l\u1edbp v\u1ecf c\u1ee9ng, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0i m\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu va \u0111\u1eadp c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n r\u0103ng th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ec khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, n\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang ch\u01b0a? \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0a ra n\u0103m 1984. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 “v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng b\u1eadc thang” v\u1ed1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta ai c\u0169ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7906","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7906","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7906"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7906\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7906"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7906"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7906"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}