Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong than \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd. Tuy th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a than \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 cacbon, nh\u01b0ng trong than \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1: Hy\u0111ro, oxy, nit\u01a1, l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. Khi ta d\u00f9ng than \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00ec c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi ch\u01b0ng kh\u00f4 than \u0111\u00e1 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c than c\u1ed1c, d\u1ea7u ch\u01b0ng than \u0111\u00e1, kh\u00ed than v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y than c\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho nhi\u1ec7t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong luy\u1ec7n kim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u1ea7u ch\u01b0ng than \u0111\u00e1 v\u1eeba \u0111en, v\u1eeba h\u00f4i l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba tr\u01a1n, nh\u1edbp nh\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng xin ch\u1edb coi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3. Khi \u0111em d\u1ea7u ch\u01b0ng than \u0111\u00e1 ch\u01b0ng c\u1ea5t ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9, d\u1ea7u trung v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u n\u1eb7ng. Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ea7u nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u trung ta c\u00f3 phenol, toluen, benzen, naphtalen. B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc. T\u1eeb benzen v\u00e0 naphtalen c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m. T\u1eeb phenol ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, thu\u1ed1c s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo. Khi x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1ea7u n\u1eb7ng b\u1eb1ng hy\u0111ro ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 bitum c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c, l\u00e0m v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u r\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong kh\u00ed than c\u00f2n c\u00f3 amoniac, benzen. Amoniac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m. C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a benzen ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean kia. Sau khi l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch kh\u00ed than, tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hy\u0111ro v\u00e0 metan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y nay, than \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc. Khi d\u00f9ng than l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i cacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u1edbn sao? Ngo\u00e0i ra khi \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp than \u0111\u00e1 s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Cho n\u00ean t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ch h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Than \u0111\u00e1; Nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong than \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd. Tuy th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a than \u0111\u00e1 l\u00e0 cacbon, nh\u01b0ng trong than \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1: Hy\u0111ro, oxy, nit\u01a1, l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t. Khi […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7936"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7936\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7936"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7936"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}