\u00c1nh n\u1eafng gay g\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a h\u00e8 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u tuy\u1ebft tr\u1eafng nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh cho \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111eo k\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft k\u00ednh s\u1eabm m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 k\u00ednh \u0111en ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111eo k\u00ednh \u0111en c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 m\u1eaft s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt khi \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u01a1i thi\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eadn th\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec5n th\u1ecb, \u0111eo k\u00ednh \u0111en qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u s\u1eafc tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh, y\u1ebfu, m\u00e0u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c s\u1eabm h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng xung quanh c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh, k\u00ednh s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh s\u1eabm m\u00e0u h\u01a1n. Khi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n, m\u1eaft k\u00ednh s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eabm m\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0i k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u \u1edf d\u1ea1ng k\u00ednh ph\u1eb3ng (k\u00ednh trung t\u00ednh) th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh c\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c k\u00ednh vi\u1ec5n tu\u1ef3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. D\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i k\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u th\u00ec khi g\u1eb7p \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu k\u00ednh s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t k\u00ednh \u0111en v\u00e0 k\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t. \u0110eo k\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra ra v\u00e0o v\u00e0o t\u1eeb n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i sao k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u l\u1ea1i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc. Nguy\u00ean do l\u00e0 khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m quang l\u00e0 b\u1ea1c halogenua th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ea1c halogenua r\u1ea5t b\u00e9 trong k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n trong m\u1eaft k\u00ednh, n\u00ean khi c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i chung s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i k\u00ednh b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng khi c\u00f3 tia \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfu qua m\u1eaft k\u00ednh, b\u1ea1c halogenua b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed clo v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1ea1c c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecf ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n trong m\u1eaft k\u00ednh. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ra b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ea1c nh\u1ecf m\u00e0u \u0111en ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1u khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1eaft k\u00ednh s\u1eabm m\u00e0u l\u1ea1i, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh m\u00e0u \u0111en, \u0111\u1ed9 trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft k\u00ednh s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m. Ngo\u00e0i ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1eaft k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111\u1ed3ng oxit. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng oxit l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1c halogenua ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 nhanh n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ea1c halogenua b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 halogen t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u1edf s\u00e1t c\u1ea1nh nhau, k\u1ec1 c\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau. Sau khi ngu\u1ed3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ea5t \u0111i, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 halogen l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1c halogenua, l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tinh th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1c halogenua c\u1ef1c b\u00e9 n\u00ean m\u1eaft k\u00ednh l\u1ea1i s\u00e1ng ra nh\u01b0 c\u0169. N\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0o th\u00ec l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 b\u1ea1c halogenua th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1c kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed halogen, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u00ean kia. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady m\u00e0 k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 l\u00e0m k\u00ednh ch\u1eafn gi\u00f3 cho xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e1i xe an to\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1ed3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1ea1nh. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u00ednh c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp lo\u1ea1i k\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y h\u00e8 n\u1eafng g\u1eaft, k\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong nh\u00e0 b\u1edbt gay g\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m l\u00e0m b\u1edbt nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: K\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u; B\u1ea1c halogenua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c1nh n\u1eafng gay g\u1eaft c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a h\u00e8 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u tuy\u1ebft tr\u1eafng nh\u1ee9c nh\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh cho \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111eo k\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft k\u00ednh s\u1eabm m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 k\u00ednh \u0111en ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111eo […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8002","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8002"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8002\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}