{"id":8124,"date":"2021-11-20T16:07:55","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T09:07:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=8124"},"modified":"2023-04-01T09:16:03","modified_gmt":"2023-04-01T02:16:03","slug":"8124","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/8124\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eb7t, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eb7t, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau?<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e0o th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3 b\u1ed3 k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eb7t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. \u1ede Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, th\u1eddi x\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng tro c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, m\u1ee1 s\u01a1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t gi\u1eb7t t\u1ea9y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u01a1 khai c\u1ee7a x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng: x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng r\u1eeda tay, r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eb7t\u2026 Th\u1ebf b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng gi\u1eb7t l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i natri c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c axit b\u00e9o b\u1eadc cao. Trong lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 thu\u1ef7 tinh n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0103n da m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1eafm, r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t, r\u1eeda tay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tinh khi\u1ebft cao h\u01a1n, d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ea7u b\u00e9o lo\u1ea1i tinh khi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t ki\u1ec1m d\u01b0 trong x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf n\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u1edbi da r\u1ea5t \u00edt. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u d\u1eeba, d\u1ea7u \u00f4 liu, d\u1ea7u tr\u00e1m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m. D\u1ea7u \u00f4 liu l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng. D\u1ea7u tr\u00e1m c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1t ho\u1eb7c xanh l\u1ee5c. D\u00f9ng d\u1ea7u \u00f4 liu ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m s\u1ebd cho nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecdt khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t. D\u1ea7u tr\u00e1m cho lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng \u00eam d\u1ecbu, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi da. Khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u00eam h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 tinh d\u1ea7u hoa nh\u00e0i, tinh d\u1ea7u hoa h\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m cho m\u00f9i th\u01a1m h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i: nh\u01b0 &#8220;x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa gh\u1ebb, m\u1ee5n nh\u1ecdt; &#8220;x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng benzen&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb n\u1ea5m da; &#8220;x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng boric&#8221;, &#8220;x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng phenol&#8221; c\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng\u2026 V\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng phenol c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a phenol l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Phenol l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c protein trong vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i, n\u00ean di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u c\u1eaft t\u00f3c, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng b\u00e9o kali (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng kali) ho\u00e0 tan v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Glyxerol; X\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng qu\u1ea3 b\u1ed3 k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eb7t qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. \u1ede Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, th\u1eddi x\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng tro c\u00e2y c\u1ecf, m\u1ee1 s\u01a1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t gi\u1eb7t t\u1ea9y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c s\u01a1 khai c\u1ee7a x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng. Ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8124"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25768,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8124\/revisions\/25768"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}