Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 mu\u00f4n h\u00ecnh mu\u00f4n v\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111ang sinh s\u00f4i. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 1.400.000 lo\u00e0i, th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 10 tri\u1ec7u – 30 tri\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt. K\u00ec di\u1ec7u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn, h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i do c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 th\u00e0nh. V\u1eady th\u00ec t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch. Ng\u00e0y nay, ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Australia, ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i sinh t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 3,5 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o suy \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 3,5 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m. B\u1ed1n t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh h\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u01a1ng nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t cao, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxi, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n oxi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, do thi\u1ebfu oxi, kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7ng ozon, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7ng ozon ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n, tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac gi\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 uy hi\u1ebfp nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng non n\u1edbt, v\u1eady l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng thu nh\u1ecf d\u01b0\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n s\u00e2u m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y m\u00e9t, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt, 2,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, lo\u00e0i t\u1ea3o m\u00e0u lam l\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Lo\u00e0i t\u1ea3o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7p l\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra oxi th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quang h\u1ee3p. Do v\u1eady, c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n b\u00e0o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 oxi \u0111\u00e3 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 \u0111\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn oxi l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1eaft trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean oxit s\u1eaft. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ecf s\u1eaft, ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 70% nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eaft cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n to l\u1edbn cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 quy lu\u1eadt di truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd h\u1ecfi, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin m\u1eadt m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n ADN, v\u1eady th\u00ec m\u1eadt m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 do \u0111\u00e2u truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1edfi v\u1eady r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1edbn, trong \u0111\u00f3 hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc M\u0129 Oley v\u00e0 Miler \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 amoniac, CH4, hi\u0111ro\u2026 c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh thu\u1ef7 tinh ch\u1ecbu n\u00f3ng, v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ph\u00f3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u1edbp. Sau m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, trong b\u00ecnh thu\u1ef7 tinh \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 HCOOH, CH3COOH, CH3CHOHCOOH\u2026, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n axit amin c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh prot\u00eain. Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn 1,6 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt \u0111a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 700 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng, qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf Australia ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kho\u1ea3ng 570 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee9ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gia t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ec9 ti\u1ec1n Cambri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u1ec9 Cambri \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng ho\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt, do v\u1eady, th\u1eddi k\u00ec n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u00ec b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1edbp tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 mu\u00f4n h\u00ecnh mu\u00f4n v\u1ebb, \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111ang sinh s\u00f4i. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 1.400.000 lo\u00e0i, th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8210","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-sinh-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8210","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8210"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8210\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8210"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8210"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8210"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}