{"id":8527,"date":"2021-11-21T12:08:50","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T05:08:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=8527"},"modified":"2021-11-21T16:02:22","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T09:02:22","slug":"bi-mat-cua-dong-vat-ngu-dong-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/bi-mat-cua-dong-vat-ngu-dong-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ed7i khi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u00edm co v\u00e0o trong hang b\u00f9n, cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n kh\u00f4ng c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 th\u1edf r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, tim \u0111\u1eadp c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eadp 10 &#8211; 20 l\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2m n\u00f3 v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1eeda ti\u1ebfng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t con nh\u00edm khi t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ng\u00e2m v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc 2 ~ 3 ph\u00fat th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft ng\u1ea1t ngay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng, th\u1ea7n kinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u0111i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng d\u00f9ng ong \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf 7 ~ 90C, th\u00ec c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ong ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u00e8 nh\u1eb9 ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o n\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 rung nh\u1eb9; khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p 4 ~ 60C, ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o ong l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u00ec, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00ea man s\u00e2u; khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 4 ~ 0,50C, th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, khi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Khi ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng, th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt n\u00f3i chung tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 1~2 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau hao trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 khi ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng. Sau khi ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt 35%; lo\u00e0i d\u01a1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng 162 ng\u00e0y, th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt 33,5%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1eady th\u00ec, t\u1ea1i sao h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ec9?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a con s\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, ti\u00eam v\u00e0o trong t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a con s\u00f3c \u0111ang nh\u1ea3y nh\u00f3t, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb t\u00ea li\u1ec7t v\u1eady v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00ea man.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xem ra, trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng. Cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f2n cho th\u1ea5y, th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i th\u00ec t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t h\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf trong huy\u1ebft thanh, \u0111\u00f4i khi lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00ednh \u1edf trong h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng k\u00edch th\u00edch ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u k\u00ec l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra trong m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng. Lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u00e1u th\u00ec s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady xem ra, l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang &#8220;ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o&#8221; ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch, c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sau khi \u0111i v\u00e0o ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n sinh ra, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1ea5m \u00e1p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt. Khi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1edf trong m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u00ecm ra h\u1ebft b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng, cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n. M\u1ed7i khi m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u00edm co v\u00e0o trong hang b\u00f9n, cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n m\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n kh\u00f4ng c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 th\u1edf r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu, tim \u0111\u1eadp c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eadp [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8527","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-sinh-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8527","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8527"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8527\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8527"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8527"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8527"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}