h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a> c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng. B\u1ea1n t\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c l\u1edbp tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh (tr\u1eeb b\u1ea1n \u1edf ngay s\u00e1t tr\u00ean) l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\nKh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 b\u00ean trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t hay c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt truy\u1ec1n th\u1eb3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Khi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 ch\u1eef ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f9ng quang ph\u1ed5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00f9ng quang ph\u1ed5 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 380nm \u0111\u1ebfn 760nm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng h\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 photon. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t nhanh. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ta th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u1edbp xong m\u1ed9t l\u00fac sau, ta m\u1edbi nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng s\u1ea5m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1edbi cho th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt xanh, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 quang h\u1ee3p. T\u1eeb xa x\u01b0a, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 l\u1eeda. Theo d\u00f2ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng theo thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng n\u00e0o. Cho d\u00f9 m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y hay l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u tia s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tia X, tia gamma, song vi ba v\u00e0 s\u00f3ng v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn. X\u00e9t theo c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c x\u1ea1 EM n\u00e0y, \u00e1ng s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi s\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb theo nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a s\u00f3ng EM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 photon v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh cho l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean do v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ee9a trung h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 s\u1edf. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n t\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 299792458 m\/s. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb SI v\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\/s c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb th\u1eddi xa x\u01b0a, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u1ecd lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. V\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 sai l\u1ec7ch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng qua g\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n quan t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean chia s\u1ebb cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y ngay nh\u00e9. Tham kh\u1ea3o ngay b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 bay h\u01a1i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 s\u00f4i v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bay h\u01a1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c l\u00fd 7 hay nh\u1ea5t<\/p>\n\n\n\n
G\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea7u l\u00f5m l\u00e0 g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft? Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u1ea2nh c\u1ee7<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn S\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1edbp 7. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng quang h\u1ecdc, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u1ec1 thi v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-855","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-trung-hoc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/855","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=855"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/855\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=855"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=855"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=855"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}