{"id":893,"date":"2021-10-07T23:40:12","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T23:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=893"},"modified":"2021-10-14T22:09:13","modified_gmt":"2021-10-14T15:09:13","slug":"dan-xuat-halogen-cua-hidrocacbon-hoc-tot-hoa-11-cung-toppy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/dan-xuat-halogen-cua-hidrocacbon-hoc-tot-hoa-11-cung-toppy\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u1ee7a hidrocacbon \u2013 H\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u00f3a 11"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u1ee7a hidrocacbon. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t trung gian r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa hidrocacbon v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. V\u1eady d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ra sao? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u1ee7a hidrocacbon<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 danh ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u1ee7a hidrocacbon l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00fang ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi thay th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed hi\u0111ro trong ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hi\u0111rocacbon b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed halogen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 s\u1ebd c\u00f3: d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t Clo, d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t Brom, d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t Flo, d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t Iot v\u00e0 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i halogen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1c hi\u0111rocacbon g\u1ed3m c\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t hidrocacbon no: CH2FCl; CH2Cl\u2212CH2Cl; CH3\u2212CHBr\u2212CH3; (CH3)3C\u2212ICH2FCl; CH2Cl\u2212CH2Cl; CH3\u2212CHBr\u2212CH3; (CH3)3C\u2212I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen kh\u00f4ng no g\u1ed3m: CF2=CF2; CH2=CH\u2212Cl; CH2=CHCH2\u2212BrCF2=CF2; CH2=CH\u2212Cl; CH2=CHCH2\u2212Br<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen th\u01a1m g\u1ed3m: C6H5F; C6H5CH2\u2212Cl; p\u2212CH3C6H4Br; C6H5IC6H5F; C6H5CH2\u2212Cl; p\u2212CH3C6H4Br;C6H5I<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen b\u1eb1ng b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed halogen. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 danh ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n m\u1ea1ch cacbon nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u1edf hi\u0111rocacbon. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fang c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee9c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ean th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t hidrocacbon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi theo t\u00ean th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: CHCl3 (clorofom); CHBr3 (bromofrom); CHI3 (io\u0111ofom) CHCl3 (clorofom) ;CHBr3 (bromofrom); CHI3 (io\u0111ofom)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ean g\u1ed1c \u2013 ch\u1ee9c<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1eeb t\u00ean g\u1ed1c hi\u0111rocacbon + halogenua<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CH2Cl2CH2 = CH \u2212 FCH2 = CH \u2212 CH2 \u2212 Cl C6H5 \u2212 CH2 \u2013 Br<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">metylen clorua vinyl florua anlyl clorua benzyl bromua<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ean thay th\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00ec d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi theo t\u00ean thay th\u1ebf. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed halogen s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00ednh v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hi\u0111rocacbon. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00ed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00cdnh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t monohalogen c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf g\u1ed3m: CH3F, CH3Cl, CH3BrCH3F, CH3Cl, CH3Br khi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f2n c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn s\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0: CH3I, CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CCl4, C2H4Cl2, C6H5Br, CH3I, CH2Cl2, CHCl3, CCl4, C2H4Cl2, C6H5Br,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u1eefng d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t polihalogen c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa th\u00ec s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn, V\u00ed d\u1ee5: CHI3, C6H6Cl6, CHI3, C6H6Cl6,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tan t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 hi\u0111rocacbon , ete,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc cao. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 : CHCl3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sung \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y m\u00ea, C6H6Cl6 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t s\u00e2u b\u1ecd,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Benzen v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a benzen \u2013 H\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t h\u00f3a 11<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ancol l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ancol<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean t\u1eed halogen b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m \u2212OH\u2212OH<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean t\u1eed halogen b\u1eb1ng nh\u00f3m \u2212OH\u2212OH, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi 33 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ankyl halogenua, anlyl halogenua v\u00e0 phenyl halogenua. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i ankyl halogenua ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 khi \u0111un s\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n khi \u0111un n\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ancol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CH3CH2CH2Cl + OH -\u2192 CH3CH2CH2OH + Cl \u2013<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">propyl clorua ancol propylic<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cl\u2212 sinh ra s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t AgNO3 d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng AgCl k\u1ebft t\u1ee7a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i ankyl halogenua s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n ngay khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111un s\u00f4i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">RCH = CHCH2 \u2013 X + H2O \u2192 RCH = CHCH2 \u2013 OH + HX<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i phenyl halogenua (halogen \u0111\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi v\u00f2ng benzen) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi dung d\u1ecbch ki\u1ec1m trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 khi \u0111un s\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 tham gia ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao (300 \u0111\u1ed9 C v\u00e0 200atm). C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C6H5Cl + 2NaOH \u2192 C6H5ONa + NaCl + H2O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch hi\u0111ro halogenua<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111un s\u00f4i dung d\u1ecbch g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 C2H5Br v\u00e0 KOH trong C2H5OH. Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft kh\u00ed sinh ra b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc brom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch hi\u0111ro halogenua<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00ed sinh ra sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t m\u00e0u n\u01b0\u1edbc brom. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc (C2H4Br2). Kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 CH2=CH2 (etilen). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch HBr ra kh\u1ecfi C2H5Br. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">HCH2 \u2212 CH2Br + KOH \u2192 CH2 = CH2 + KBr + H2O<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u00e1ch hi\u0111ro halogenua nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi magie<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho b\u1ed9t magie v\u00e0o \u0111ietyl ete (C2H5OC2H5) khan. Sau \u0111\u00f3 khu\u1ea5y m\u1ea1nh h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p. Quan s\u00e1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ed9t Mg ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb t\u1eeb v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 etyl bromua, v\u00e0 khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u. L\u00fac n\u00e0y b\u1ed9t magie s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n tan h\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CH3CH2 \u2013 Br + Mg \u2192 CH3CH2 \u2013 Mg \u2013 Br (etylmagiebromuatantrongete)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Etyl magie bromua c\u00f3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa cacbon v\u00e0 kim lo\u1ea1i (C\u2212MgC\u2212Mg) nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 kim (h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u2013 kim lo\u1ea1i).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u00ean k\u1ebft C\u2212MgC\u2212Mg l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 magie t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhanh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 HH linh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 (n\u01b0\u1edbc, ancol,\u2026) v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi kh\u00ed cacbonic,\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t polihalogen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p h\u1eefu c\u01a1, ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y m\u00ea trong ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, di\u1ec7t s\u00e2u b\u1ecd, thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t polihalogen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9: Vietlearn.org\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>Xem th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u00f3m halogen \u2013 Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng Vietlearn(M\u1edf trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ch\u1ea5t d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u1ee7a hidrocacbon. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t trung gian r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1eefa hidrocacbon v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1. V\u1eady d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t halogen c\u00f3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[8,5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-893","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoa-hoc","category-pho-thong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/893","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=893"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/893\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=893"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=893"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=893"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}