Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn, k\u00e9o theo \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc h\u00f2m s\u1eaft l\u1edbn h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc h\u00f2m s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed3ng x\u1ebfp l\u00ean nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ng\u0103n n\u1eafp, do m\u00e1y c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn c\u1ea9u l\u00ean t\u00e0u h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn. V\u1eady c\u00e1c h\u00f2m s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ho\u00e1 ra, c\u00e1c h\u00f2m s\u1eaft l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ngten\u01a1, v\u1ecf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p, chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb ch\u00e8n \u00e9p h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ngten\u01a1 c\u00f3 quy c\u00e1ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng 6,096 m, chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u cao \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 2,438 m. V\u00ec M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1ch v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t, xe t\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 2,438 m, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 sau d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo. Ngo\u00e0i quy c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 ra, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 si\u00eau l\u1edbn, d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 9,14 m v\u00e0 12,2 m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng cao r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, so s\u00e1nh t\u00e0u ch\u1edf c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u00e0u h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e3n n\u01b0\u1edbc (tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea3i) t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a t\u00e0u c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 l\u00ean t\u00e0u ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t ba ph\u00fat, m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a 20-30 t\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng, do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp l\u00ean t\u00e0u 400-600 t\u1ea5n; c\u00f2n ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng theo ki\u1ec3u “x\u1ebfp r\u1eddi” truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i gi\u1edd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp l\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eebng 35 t\u1ea5n, s\u1ef1 h\u01a1n k\u00e9m nhau v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 l\u1edbn. Ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y trong ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 6 \u0111\u00f4la m\u1ed7i t\u1ea5n b\u1ed7ng ch\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 1,5 cent (xu). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 50 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady? Nguy\u00ean do l\u00e0, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 s\u1ebd li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00f4 t\u00f4 t\u1ea3i c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ngten\u01a1. Sau khi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e2n b\u00e3i r\u1ed9ng, v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a n\u00f3. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea9u l\u00ean t\u00e0u. C\u00e1c t\u00e0u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00e0u h\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00e2n t\u00e0u ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt r\u1ed9ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc boong t\u00e0u c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00f4ngten\u01a1, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0u v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 khoang t\u00e0u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u00f4 t\u00f4, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea9u tr\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch d\u00e0i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c. Do \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ngten\u01a1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n li\u00ean v\u1eadn trong ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: C\u00f4ngtenn\u01a1; Thuy\u1ec1n C\u00f4ngtenn\u01a1; V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n C\u00f4ngtenn\u01a1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn, k\u00e9o theo \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc h\u00f2m s\u1eaft l\u1edbn h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. \u1ede m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ebfn t\u00e0u, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc h\u00f2m s\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed3ng x\u1ebfp l\u00ean nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ng\u0103n n\u1eafp, do […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8939","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8939","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8939"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8939\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8939"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8939"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8939"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}