T\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3n, xe c\u1ed9 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, m\u00e1y bay bay tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0 ba h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u quen thu\u1ed9c, c\u00f2n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00e2y tre r\u1ed3i n\u1ed1i ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a nh\u1ea5t. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf sau khi khai th\u00e1c. Sau \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 80 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n hai tri\u1ec7u km, trong \u0111\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed ra, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 qu\u1eb7ng m\u1ecf. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, h\u1ecd nghi\u1ec1n v\u1ee5n c\u00e1c c\u1ee5c than, sau \u0111\u00f3 cho v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p than nh\u00e3o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m b\u01a1m t\u0103ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf \u0111i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f2n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c k\u00e9o b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa. N\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e1y ch\u1ea1y \u0111i\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3u nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf b\u01b0u ki\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch c\u1ee7a \u00e1p su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00f4ngten\u01a1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u01b0\u1ee3t theo v\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quan tr\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ea7m \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00e0ng m\u1edbi h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ngh\u0129 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bay t\u1eeb tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng s\u00e2u d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u00e9t \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i “m\u00e1y bay l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t” l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf kh\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Italia \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc theo m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u00eat\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p r\u1ed9ng 42 m, cao 24 m, n\u00f3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c n\u00e2ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 30 m d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 do c\u00e1c d\u00e2y c\u00e1p l\u1edbn c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o neo \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u00ean trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4 t\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, t\u1ed5ng chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i h\u01a1n 3000 m. Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t, so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n m\u00e9t n\u00f3 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi gi\u00f3 l\u1ed1c l\u1edbn \u1edf eo bi\u1ec3n, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 xung k\u00edch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa chi ph\u00ed x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0169ng r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng, \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed h\u1eadu thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t; v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1; \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng; V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u00e0u thuy\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3n, xe c\u1ed9 ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n, m\u00e1y bay bay tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0 ba h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i l\u1edbn m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u quen thu\u1ed9c, c\u00f2n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8949"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8949\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}