{"id":897,"date":"2021-10-07T23:40:39","date_gmt":"2021-10-07T23:40:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=897"},"modified":"2021-10-13T20:26:31","modified_gmt":"2021-10-13T13:26:31","slug":"cuong-do-dong-dien-dinh-nghia-cong-thuc-phan-loai-va-y-nghia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/cuong-do-dong-dien-dinh-nghia-cong-thuc-phan-loai-va-y-nghia\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u2013 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\nimg_numb = 10;\n<\/script>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"C\u01af\u1edcNG \u0110\u1ed8 D\u00d2NG \u0110I\u1ec6N | B\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng v\u1eadt l\u00ed 7 | DT STUDY\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XHHgtprkDt8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1edfi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a> ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu t\u1ed1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u1eady th\u00ec b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c em s\u1ebd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00ean nh\u1edb nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111i qua ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt d\u1eabn trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian. D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. V\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng y\u1ebfu th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Slide3-800x450-1.jpg\" alt=\" C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111ii\u1ec7n \" class=\"wp-image-2235\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Slide3-800x450-1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Slide3-800x450-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/Slide3-800x450-1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption> C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111ii\u1ec7n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 nh\u1edb, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 I, chi\u1ebfu theo h\u1ec7 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf SI. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Ampe hay c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0 A. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y theo nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p Andr\u00e9 Marie Amp\u00e8re. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ampe k\u1ebf sau n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ean \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Ampe s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a 6,24150948.1018 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed e (1 cul\u00f4ng) trong 1 gi\u00e2y qua 1 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch d\u00e2y d\u1eabn. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111i k\u00e8m l\u00e0 1A = 1C\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ampe k\u1ebf ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0: ampe k\u1ebf \u0111o d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n, ampe k\u1ebf \u0111o AC\/DC, d\u00f2ng \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n, ampe k\u1ebf \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c miliampe k\u1ebf hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111o miliampe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u00d4n l\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I = Q\/t = (q<sub>1<\/sub> + q<sub>2<\/sub> + q<sub>3<\/sub>+\u2026+q<sub>n<\/sub>) \/t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c tr\u00ean, ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trung b\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n qua b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111ang x\u00e9t. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ta r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I<sub>tb<\/sub> = \u0394Q\/\u0394t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I<sub>tb<\/sub> l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n A<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0394Q l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t trong 1 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0394t l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 1: I = dQ\/dt ho\u1eb7c I = P\/U<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c 2: I = dQ\/dt ho\u1eb7c U = I*R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">R l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/dong-dien-trong-kim-loai.jpg\" alt=\"D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i\" class=\"wp-image-2237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/dong-dien-trong-kim-loai.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/dong-dien-trong-kim-loai-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><figcaption>D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong kim lo\u1ea1i<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi \u0111i qua c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf R th\u00ec c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a 2 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong R l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi \u0111\u00f3, ta c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I = U\/R<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I<sub>0<\/sub> l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I<sub>0<\/sub> = I*\u221a2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e3o h\u00f2a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh theo c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I = n*e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3, e l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch electron<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n 3 pha<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I = P\/(\u221a3 x U x coshi x hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">U l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng. K\u00fd hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 DC (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Direct Current). Trong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, d\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t mang \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00ean trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u. Chi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u01a1ng (+) sang \u00e2m (-).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 pin, \u1eafc quy, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi\u2026 D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i linh ho\u1ea1t gi\u1eefa DC v\u00e0 AC nh\u1edd c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1ch \u0111o d\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng kim \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng kim c\u00f3 d\u00e2y n\u1ed1i hai \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u1eafc quy \u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1eafm l\u00e0 \u0111en v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecf. Ta s\u1ebd c\u1eafm que \u0111en v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u COM v\u00e0 que \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0o d\u1ea5u \u201c+\u201d tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Ti\u1ebfp theo, ta ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111o n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng DC.A-250mA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: H\u00e3y ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh n\u1ed1i que \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ef1c d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 que \u0111en v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n c\u1ef1c \u00e2m theo chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ch th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: B\u1eadt l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n cho m\u1ea1ch th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 6: Ghi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I = Pt\/(U x cosphi)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 AC (Alternating Current). Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u, d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n theo chu k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Minh h\u1ecda d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111ie\u0323\u0302n xoay chie\u0302\u0300u hoa\u0323t \u0111o\u0323\u0302ng ra sao? | Ngu\u1ed3n \u0111ie\u0323\u0302n xoay chi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 g\u00ec | Tri th\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/v_nLQ35XYE4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chu k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 T. C\u00f2n t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n xoay chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 F.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00dd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong kho\u1ea3ng an to\u00e0n \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u1ea5t. \u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed5n \u00e1p hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 aptomat. Th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp trong ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111o c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft khi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"440\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/cac-loai-on-ap-pho-bien-hien-nay-loai-nao-tot-.jpg\" alt=\"\u1ed4n \u00e1p\" class=\"wp-image-2238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/cac-loai-on-ap-pho-bien-hien-nay-loai-nao-tot-.jpg 730w, https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/cac-loai-on-ap-pho-bien-hien-nay-loai-nao-tot--300x181.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\" \/><figcaption>\u1ed4n \u00e1p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong y h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ed9 l\u1edbn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n trong y h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">D\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong y h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u, \u0111i\u1ec7n di\u2026 N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00ec d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1ea1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u00fap ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ea5p, an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/download-8.jpg\" alt=\"Ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n\" class=\"wp-image-2239\" width=\"639\" height=\"411\"\/><figcaption>Ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nam ch\u00e2m V\u1eadt L\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. V\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c em <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc sinh<\/a> c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n sau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"413\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/nhung-dieu-can-biet-ve-nam-cham-dien.jpg\" alt=\"Nam ch\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n\" class=\"wp-image-2240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/nhung-dieu-can-biet-ve-nam-cham-dien.jpg 413w, https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/nhung-dieu-can-biet-ve-nam-cham-dien-282x300.jpg 282w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 413px) 100vw, 413px\" \/><figcaption>Nam ch\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Xem th\u00eam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/r_-08yB7cn4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><figcaption>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec7n th\u1ebf, c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1edf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ghi ch\u00fa: T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00edch d\u1eabn M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd 7 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u1edfi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2235,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/897","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=897"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/897\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2235"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=897"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=897"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=897"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}