thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> h\u1ee3p l\u00fd k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ec3 Tr\u1ee5 \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c c\u01a1n l\u0169 l\u1edbn, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7 ph\u00f3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1eebng s\u1eefng gi\u1eefa tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp gi\u1eadt s\u00f3ng r\u1ec1n khi ph\u00f3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0 v\u1edbi con m\u1eaft ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u1edf b\u00ean trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\nV\u1eady th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0 “nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y” \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t \u1edf b\u00ean trong v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ho\u00e1 ra, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i “b\u00f3ng” c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c, ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng r\u00e2m \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng. L\u1ef1c chia cho di\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i (gi\u00e3n ra hay co l\u1ea1i) ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9 u\u1ed1n g\u00f3c chia cho chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. Trong c\u1ea5u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “S\u1ee9c b\u1ec1n v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u”, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quan h\u1ec7 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng do nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh H\u00fac (Hooke) ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, n\u0103m 1678 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m H\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt H\u00fac n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: “Trong v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c”. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng hai tay k\u00e9o d\u00e2y chun, n\u1ebfu d\u00e2y chun b\u1ecb k\u00e9o ra c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tay b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, d\u00e2y chun bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, th\u00ec l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o m\u00e0 b\u00ean trong n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu c\u0169ng c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng cao su to b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc b\u00fat m\u00e1y, d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 1 m, \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u d\u01b0\u1edbi treo m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng 10 kg, c\u00e1n cao su s\u1ebd d\u00e3n ra ch\u1eebng 5 cm, n\u1ebfu treo m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng 20 kg th\u00ec d\u00e3n ra 10 cm. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn. H\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “m\u00f4\u0111un \u0111\u00e0n h\u1ed3i”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Quan h\u1ec7 tinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed \u1ea9n \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a “\u00e1nh m\u1eaft” c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0, l\u1ef1c tuy kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft, h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tra t\u00ecm r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u1ecdt qua t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: \u1ee8ng su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
C\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u, ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a, gi\u00f3, tuy\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8983"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8983\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}