\u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng s\u1ebd b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n cho sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 tr\u00fa. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 l\u1edbn, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh. V\u1eady th\u00ec l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3? T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng: Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chung v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 90 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u00f4ng minh”. Th\u00f4ng qua “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e1, \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00f3, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh v\u1eadt v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e8n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u1eefa; m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u00e0nh t\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng”, n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng 25%-35%, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t 40% tr\u1edf l\u00ean; \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3i chung gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 3%-6%, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4la v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng!<\/p>\n\n\n\n Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi phong c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang ho\u00e0 v\u00e0o nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> cho r\u1eb1ng, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 “l\u00e0m ch\u01a1i \u0103n th\u1eadt” b\u1ecf xa r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c. \u1ede Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt \u1ecfi, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 80 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy m\u00f4 ho\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng”, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chung s\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, v\u1ea1ch ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n 25% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 6,6%, n\u1ebfu x\u00e9t th\u00eam l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” c\u0169ng \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1996 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i c\u00f3 1,3 tri\u1ec7u m2 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi t\u0103ng 50% so v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1995. N\u0103m 1996, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 240 tri\u1ec7u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7 d\u00f9ng cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 \u1edf b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n ban h\u00e0nh “Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac nh\u00e0 \u1edf ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u khu th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u l\u00e0m th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i”, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00f2n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i, m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p d\u1ebbo, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 k\u00edn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t, m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ki\u1ec3u d\u1ed1c, t\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u00e0i d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i g\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y nh\u1ecf, r\u1ed7ng, \u0111\u00fac b\u1eb1ng b\u00eat\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng s\u1ebd b\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n cho sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 tr\u00fa. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9001","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9001","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9001"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9001\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9001"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9001"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9001"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}