{"id":9005,"date":"2021-11-21T15:39:38","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T08:39:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=9005"},"modified":"2021-11-21T17:15:31","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T10:15:31","slug":"the-nao-la-kien-truc-hop","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/the-nao-la-kien-truc-hop\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p”?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 lu\u00f4n hy v\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, v\u1eeba nhanh l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec hay bi\u1ebft bao!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00e1ng ki\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c “linh ki\u1ec7n” c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9t, d\u1ea7m, s\u00e0n g\u00e1c, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v.v. v\u00e0 gia c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0, th\u00ec r\u00e1p ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. C\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n gia c\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “linh ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf s\u1eb5n” ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i ngay t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 La M\u00e3 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi x\u01b0a. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 hoa v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 khung k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u g\u1ed7 “ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1” ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00f9ng linh ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf s\u1eb5n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhanh l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, n\u1ebfu ph\u00f3ng to k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ebf s\u1eb5n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 s\u00e0n g\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p t\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5y t\u1ea5m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m l\u1edbn, t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Khi x\u00e2y nh\u00e0, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c khung b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c b\u00eat\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p, r\u1ed3i c\u1ea9u tr\u1ee5c c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u00e0n g\u00e1c c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ngh\u0129 ra c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t gian ph\u00f2ng \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e0ng nhanh, c\u00e0ng ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p”, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n “v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i” c\u1ee7a gian ph\u00f2ng, m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngay t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e1n v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 khung g\u1ed7 ch\u1ebf s\u1eb5n, v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. Sau Chi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai, nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u00e0 \u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. N\u0103m 1947, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p L\u01a1 C\u00f4puxi\u00ea ngh\u0129 ra c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n t\u1eebng gian ph\u00f2ng \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, r\u1ed3i v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eafp r\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau. Lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 \u1edf “ki\u1ec3u ng\u0103n k\u00e9o” ho\u1eb7c “ki\u1ec3u c\u00e1i m\u00f3c” n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1967, t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Montreal, Cana\u0111a, nh\u00e0 h\u1ed9p “Montreal- 67” do ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Cana\u0111a v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 x\u00f4n xao n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn. Ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t danh “n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1m” \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ed3m 158 c\u0103n h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi 15 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i c\u0103n h\u1ed9 do 2-3 c\u00e1i “h\u1ed9p” h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh, m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m c\u00e1i “h\u1ed9p” ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u00ean nhau nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n non b\u1ed9, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf cao 12 t\u1ea7ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafp b\u1edfi 354 “linh ki\u1ec7n” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea9u tr\u1ee5c l\u1eafp ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb xa t\u1edbi, c\u00e1c “linh ki\u1ec7n” c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ngay t\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p ki\u1ec3u l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9nh th\u1ec3”, c\u1ea3 gian ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u1edf nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng \u0111\u01a1n nguy\u00ean, sau khi ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec tr\u1ee5c c\u1ea9u l\u1eafp r\u00e1p l\u00ean, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u00e0 \u1edf “ki\u1ec3u ng\u0103n k\u00e9o” c\u1ee7a C\u00f4puxi\u00ea. “”To\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoang Trung Ng\u00e2n” \u1edf T\u00f4ky\u00f4 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1972, l\u00e0 do 140 c\u00e1i “khoang” c\u00f3 quy c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 nhau h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u01a1n nguy\u00ean khoang xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a khoang con t\u00e0u V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5, ch\u00fang gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p b\u00e1nh b\u00edch quy \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m ngang, b\u00ean trong v\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 l\u1edbp gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng toa l\u00e9t, nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u, kh\u00f3 tho\u1ea3 m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00e1 t\u00ednh ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0 tr\u00fa. \u0110i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ed9p.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 lu\u00f4n hy v\u1ecdng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, v\u1eeba nhanh l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec hay bi\u1ebft bao! Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u00e1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9005","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9005"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9005\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9005"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9005"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9005"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}