{"id":9027,"date":"2021-11-21T15:42:08","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T08:42:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=9027"},"modified":"2021-11-21T17:15:29","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T10:15:29","slug":"tai-sao-cac-toa-nha-choc-troi-lai-so-nhat-la-hoa-hoan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/tai-sao-cac-toa-nha-choc-troi-lai-so-nhat-la-hoa-hoan\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi l\u1ea1i s\u1ee3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c tai ho\u1ea1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi do ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau &#8220;s\u00e1t th\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 cao&#8221; l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961-1964, c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean 400 v\u1ee5 ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n, c\u00f2n \u1edf M\u1ef9 th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn 11.800-12.400 l\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0 Trung t\u00e2m Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WTC) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, trong n\u0103m 1974 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra 40 l\u1ea7n ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n1 c\u00e1c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng cho bi\u1ebft: Do h\u00fat thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 chi\u1ebfm 35%, do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n 22%, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 do s\u01b0\u1edfi \u1ea5m, l\u00e0m b\u1ebfp v\u00e0 kh\u00ed than v.v. Do s\u1ef1 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, m\u1ea5y t\u1ea7ng th\u1ea5p \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, nh\u00e0 \u0103n, h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, gara \u00f4 t\u00f4, kho t\u00e0ng, ph\u00f2ng bi\u1ebfn \u00e1p ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v.v. Nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n, c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng gi\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i k\u00e9m, sau khi b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y do thi\u1ebfu oxy n\u00ean ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft, s\u1ea3n sinh ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00f3i m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng do ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1ea1o ra th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng lan l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1ea7u cao b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00ec ng\u1ea1t th\u1edf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u1ed1ng b\u1ec5 h\u00fat gi\u00f3 khi \u0111\u1ed1t l\u00f2, \u1ed1ng c\u00e0ng d\u00e0i th\u00ec t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u00fat gi\u00f3 c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. M\u1ed9t to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang h\u1ea7m (gi\u1ebfng) c\u1ea7u thang m\u00e1y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ch\u1ed7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c ch\u1ed7, ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 bu\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u thang, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 r\u00e1c, \u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0a qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u1ea9n, bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh, h\u1ea7m d\u00e2y c\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n v.v. ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u, ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n l\u1edbn, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, l\u1ea1i xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi to\u00e0 nh\u00e0, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m m\u00e9t, do \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m \u1ed1ng b\u1ec5 h\u00fat gi\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c h\u00fat r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00ec kh\u00e1ch b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ea9u thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed5 r\u00e1c n\u00ean g\u00e2y ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau hu\u1ef7 7-10 t\u1ea7ng nh\u00e0, m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n 22 t\u1ea7ng \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ea7ng hai b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda lan l\u00ean tr\u00ean theo bu\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u thang m\u00e1y ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, l\u00e0m cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch \u1edf b\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y tr\u1ee5i, 163 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cao t\u1ea7ng <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, h\u00e0nh lang b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng theo h\u00ecnh v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n m\u00e0 theo ki\u1ec3u &#8220;ng\u00f5 c\u1ee5t&#8221; \u1edf cu\u1ed1i. Khi x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n, d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n trong kh\u00f3i m\u00f9, do m\u1eaft b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu oxy n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u00ecn b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, kh\u00f3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed1i ra, g\u00e2y n\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1eefa khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi c\u00e0ng &#8220;s\u1ee3&#8221; ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi, \u1edf chung quanh ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 2-3 t\u1ea7ng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng, trung t\u00e2m bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n, b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n, ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, nh\u00e0 \u0103n, qu\u00e1n bar, n\u01a1i vui ch\u01a1i gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed v.v. M\u1ed9t khi to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u1edf gi\u1eefa b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, xe ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 v\u00e0o s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1eafc thang ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa chi\u1ec1u cao c\u1ee7a thang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 50-60 m, \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7ng cao c\u1ee7a to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu qu\u00e1 xa, ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, giao th\u00f4ng \u0111i l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o thang m\u00e1y, sau khi x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1ecb c\u1eaft, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u01a1 t\u00e1n b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m, m\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 t\u00e1n l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y, n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u00e2y \u00f9n t\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y, ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: H\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n; T\u00f2a nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong c\u00e1c tai ho\u1ea1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi do ho\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1n g\u00e2y n\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee9ng sau &#8220;s\u00e1t th\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 cao&#8221; l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9027","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9027","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9027"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9027\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9027"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9027"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9027"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}