{"id":9037,"date":"2021-11-21T15:43:16","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T08:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=9037"},"modified":"2021-11-21T17:15:29","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T10:15:29","slug":"tai-sao-cac-kien-truc-cao-tang-neu-xay-dung-tang-ham-o-duoi-thi-co-the-thay-cho-dong-coc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/tai-sao-cac-kien-truc-cao-tang-neu-xay-dung-tang-ham-o-duoi-thi-co-the-thay-cho-dong-coc\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng n\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay cho \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f3ng, m\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc th\u00ec nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb &#8220;\u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho\u2026&#8221; th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp<\/a>, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, v.v..<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac 2-3 t\u1ea7ng, m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i r\u00e3nh (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f3ng b\u0103ng); khi to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cao l\u00ean 5-6 t\u1ea7ng n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 d\u1ea7m, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o r\u00e3nh theo hai chi\u1ec1u, m\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean giao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a r\u00e3nh theo hai chi\u1ec1u, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00f3ng r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m, c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta x\u00e2y m\u00f3ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 m\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e0 (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u00f3ng b\u00e8), c\u00f2n khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng, t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u00f3ng l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u1ea7n x\u00e2y t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng b\u1ed5 tr\u1ee3, nh\u01b0 gara \u00f4 t\u00f4, nh\u00e0 kho, bu\u1ed3ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, bu\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec7n v.v. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t 1-2 t\u1ea7ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ba t\u1ea7ng tr\u1edf l\u00ean, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho m\u00f3ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cao l\u1eafm (10-12 t\u1ea7ng), t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay cho c\u00e1c c\u1ecdc. T\u1ea1i sao v\u1eady?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ho\u00e1 ra l\u00e0m, ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u x\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng b\u00eat\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t &#8220;h\u00f2m&#8221; b\u00eat\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p r\u1ed7ng \u1edf b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac. Khi x\u00e2y t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f9n, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t b\u00f9n \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb7ng 107 N, t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m ng\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i &#8220;h\u00f2m r\u1ed7ng&#8221; ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng 2 x 106 N th\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt 8 x 106 N \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng 7 x 106 N, khi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m, th\u00ec tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c n\u00e9n l\u00ean l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 107 N (tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t) c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 7 x 107 N (tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac), t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 1,7 x 107 N, khi l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed5i t\u1ea3i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, th\u00ec &#8220;h\u00f2m r\u1ed7ng&#8221; n\u1eb7ng 2 x 106 N c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 7 x 106 N, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng 1\/2 t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do v\u1eady t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f3ng theo ki\u1ec3u &#8220;h\u00f2m&#8221; c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f3ng c\u1ecdc, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00f3ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, do \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;m\u00f3ng b\u00f9&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: T\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00f3ng, m\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc th\u00ec nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb &#8220;\u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho\u2026&#8221; th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, v.v.. M\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9037","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9037","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9037\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}