5 gi\u1edd 46 ph\u00fat s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1995, \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kobe Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh 7,2 \u0111\u1ed9 Richter, h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1eaft n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u01a1i than b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra h\u01a1n 300 v\u1ee5 ch\u00e1y l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc tai ho\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kinh ng\u1ea1c l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1ea5p t\u1ea7ng c\u0169 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, th\u00ec c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng g\u1ea1ch v\u1ee5n, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 th\u00ec l\u1ea1i ngang nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1eebng s\u1eefng trong \u0111\u1ed1ng hoang t\u00e0n. L\u1ebd n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a. T\u1eeb trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u s\u1eafc – c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 cao. N\u0103m 1963 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ra v\u0103n b\u1ea3n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00f3i chung kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cao qu\u00e1 31m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia<\/a> x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch theo chi\u1ec1u ngang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean to l\u1edbn \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch “c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn” m\u00e0 “tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf” \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu b\u1edbt \u0111i. Nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p thu n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t khi truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac l\u00ean tr\u00ean cao, tuy r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u b\u00eat\u00f4ng th\u00e9p b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ecfng. Nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111o\u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0, g\u1ea7n 20 n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 m\u0103ng m\u1ecdc sau m\u01b0a xu\u00e2n, s\u1eebng s\u1eefng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7ng m\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec3m m\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng l\u00e0 do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a>. Quan ni\u1ec7m c\u0169 cho r\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng th\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng, v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec nh\u1eefng to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u c\u0169, c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n b\u00eat\u00f4ng c\u1ed1t th\u00e9p n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, c\u00e0ng l\u00ean cao th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf, trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb “v\u0103ng” ra, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1ecb g\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee9t ngang t\u1eadn g\u1ed1c. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ed m\u1ea1ng v\u1eeba “c\u1ee9ng” l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba “gi\u00f2n” c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u c\u0169. Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00e9p c\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u1ebft r\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf li ti, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u x\u00e0 d\u1ea7m c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 th\u00e9p, c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch b\u00eat\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u1ee9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1 th\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n sinh ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch; k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u00e0n m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i n\u00e2ng cao th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 kh\u1ed1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “trong c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 nhu”. Trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf Kobe, khi t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t s\u00f3ng xung k\u00edch truy\u1ec1n l\u00ean t\u1ea7ng cao, tuy ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1i to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 1 m, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u00ecnh y\u00ean v\u00f4 s\u1ef1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t c\u01b0 tr\u00fa tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac cao t\u1ea7ng; Ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 5 gi\u1edd 46 ph\u00fat s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 17 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 1995, \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Kobe Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh 7,2 \u0111\u1ed9 Richter, h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 b\u1ecb s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u1eaft n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u01a1i than b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00e2y […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9041","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9041","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9041"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9041\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9041"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9041"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9041"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}