Trong kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh m\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 g\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1, xi m\u0103ng, b\u00eat\u00f4ng, th\u00e9p, g\u1ed7 v.v. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng “sinh m\u1ec7nh”. N\u0103m 1994 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc 15 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u1edf M\u1ef9 n\u00eau l\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng theo th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u201csinh m\u1ec7nh\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1eady th\u00ec ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 “th\u1ea7n kinh”, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c “c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c”. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Cana\u0111a v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 d\u00f9ng s\u1ee3i quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n ch\u1ebf th\u00e0nh m\u00e0ng m\u1ecfng c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0y kho\u1ea3ng 200-300 microm\u00e9t v\u00e0 ch\u00f4n lo\u1ea1i “th\u1ea7n kinh” \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u. Lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac th\u1ea7n kinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 “c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra, \u0111o \u0111\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u khi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4 ch\u1ea1y qua. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t th\u00ec t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u “th\u1ea7n kinh” s\u1ebd d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i; do \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ecm ra tai ho\u1ea1 ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hai n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 “b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t nhanh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n sinh ra khi xe ch\u1ea1y qua kh\u00e2u y\u1ebfu l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng l\u00e0 d\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng co gi\u00e3n, nh\u01b0 h\u1ee3p kim ghi nh\u1edb kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u, khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7m thay \u0111\u1ed5i, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ecbu rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u “b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt” kh\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n c\u00f3 g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9 \u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb g\u00e2y co gi\u00e3n, ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng bi\u1ebfn d\u00f2ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb v.v. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 “\u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o” c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u “th\u1ea7n kinh” v\u00e0 “b\u1eafp th\u1ecbt” ch\u00f4n \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed then ch\u1ed1t, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 “\u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e3o” c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh – m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tin t\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t do tai ho\u1ea1 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng th\u1ee9 hai sau c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng gian V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: Ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac c\u00f3 sinh m\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Trong kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh m\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 g\u1ea1ch, \u0111\u00e1, xi m\u0103ng, b\u00eat\u00f4ng, th\u00e9p, g\u1ed7 v.v. C\u00f2n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u0111ang suy ngh\u0129, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9079"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9079\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}