C\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u1ea7u m\u1edf” hay “c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf”, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1”, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf theo chi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u1ea7u quay \u0111\u1ee9ng”, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay theo chi\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m ngang th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u1ea7u quay ngang”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh. Khi tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0u l\u1edbn qua l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3u c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi kho\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng gian d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t cao, n\u1ebfu b\u1edd s\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea7u d\u1eabn s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i, l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng. “C\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1” l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf<\/a> m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u1edf ch\u1ed7 t\u00e0u b\u00e8 qua l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00f4ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng, khi t\u00e0u \u0111i qua th\u00ec n\u00e2ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u l\u00ean, \u1edf hai \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 c\u00f3 th\u00e1p c\u1ea7u, b\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1eafp r\u00f2ng r\u1ecdc, d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y c\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u00e9p kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5ng tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh s\u1ef1 n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u. C\u00e2y c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1894 \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Chicago n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. N\u0103m 1959 \u1edf v\u00f9ng Houston c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 hai t\u1ea7ng d\u00f9ng cho c\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft, khi t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y c\u1ee1 trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y qua \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ea7u, th\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft \u1edf t\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 \u1edf t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a giao th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o t\u00e0u thu\u1ef7 c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn ch\u1ea1y qua, th\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u. C\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 H\u1ea3i M\u00f4n \u1edf \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng C\u00f4, Thi\u00ean T\u00e2n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1985, kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1 \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 64 m, l\u1ea7u th\u00e1p cao \u0111\u1ebfn 45 m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a “c\u1ea7u quay \u0111\u1ee9ng” r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u treo trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh nh\u1ecf (ki\u1ec3u l\u00f4 c\u1ed1t) th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng l\u00ean theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf c\u1ea3 \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u ki\u1ec3u quay \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1, thao t\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhanh. C\u1ea7u London x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103m 1894 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea7u quay \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, n\u00f3 b\u1eafc qua s\u00f4ng Thames, kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn m\u1edf d\u00e0i t\u1edbi 103,63 m. “C\u1ea7u quay ngang” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf theo chi\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m ngang, n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda m\u1edf ra cho t\u00e0u b\u00e8 \u0111i qua. C\u1ea7u quay ngang \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 c\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay trong 90o quanh b\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5 c\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady lu\u1ed3ng s\u00f4ng \u1edf hai b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho t\u00e0u b\u00e8 qua l\u1ea1i. C\u1ea7u quay ngang l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u1ea7u b\u1eafc qua k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o Xuy\u00ea c\u1ee7a Ai C\u1eadp, kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf m\u1ed7i b\u00ean tr\u1ee5 c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 160 m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb kh\u00f3a: C\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng; C\u1ea7u quay; C\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" C\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u1ea7u m\u1edf” hay “c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf”, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea7u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u1ea7u n\u00e2ng h\u1ea1”, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1edf theo chi\u1ec1u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9129","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-ky-thuat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9129","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9129"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9129\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9129"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9129"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9129"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}