{"id":9152,"date":"2021-11-21T16:09:11","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T09:09:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=9152"},"modified":"2021-11-21T17:15:24","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T10:15:24","slug":"ai-la-nguoi-dau-tien-dua-ra-yeu-cau-bao-ve-moi-truong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/ai-la-nguoi-dau-tien-dua-ra-yeu-cau-bao-ve-moi-truong\/","title":{"rendered":"Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u1eef sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Rachel Carson.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e0 Carson sinh n\u0103m 1907 \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n phong c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p thu\u1ed9c bang Penncylvania. T\u1eeb nh\u1ecf b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t y\u00eau thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Penncylvania. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh Anh v\u0103n. N\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba, chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1ecdc khoa Sinh v\u1eadt v\u00ec b\u00e0 r\u1ea5t say m\u00ea r\u1eebng, bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt hoang d\u00e3, v\u1ec1 sau b\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang <a href=\"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"Vietlearn\" rel=\"nofollow\">h\u1ecdc Sinh<\/a> th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1929, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p lo\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Malilan. B\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh c\u00e1c k\u00ec ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i s\u00e2u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc bi\u1ec3n. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 40, b\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 \u201cD\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u00f3 bi\u1ec3n\u201d, \u201cBi\u1ec3n xung quanh ch\u00fang ta\u201d, \u201cVen b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n\u201d v.v\u2026 Nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ra \u0111\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n \u201cBi\u1ec3n xung quanh ch\u00fang ta\u201d \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c gia, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 20 v\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 40, b\u00e0 Carson \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m do t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c DDT v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1955, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ra 4 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh quan s\u00e1t, l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ebft n\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cM\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng; ch\u1ee9ng minh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, bi\u1ec3n, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt xung quanh; v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u. N\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng uy hi\u1ebfp s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m nguy h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau l\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u201cM\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd\u201d sau khi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng vang tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, r\u1ea5t nhanh n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5y l\u00ean r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0110\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 60, b\u00e0 Carson ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Do lao \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 v\u00ec ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0. N\u0103m 1964, b\u00e0 Carson qua \u0111\u1eddi. B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Rachel Carson; \u201cM\u00f9a xu\u00e2n l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u1eef sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Rachel Carson. B\u00e0 Carson sinh n\u0103m 1907 \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n phong c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p thu\u1ed9c bang Penncylvania. T\u1eeb nh\u1ecf b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t y\u00eau thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Penncylvania. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9152","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9152","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9152"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9152\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9152"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9152"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9152"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}