Ng\u00e0y nay, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh, nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c do ngu\u1ed3n thu ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i. Song d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh xung \u0111\u1ed9t gay g\u1eaft v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. \u1ede Ch\u00e2u Phi, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nhanh h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Ngay \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1950 l\u00e0 0,18 ha, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1980 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 0,1 ha, ch\u01b0a b\u1eb1ng 1\/3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 0,37 ha. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 0,08 ha. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i ha canh t\u00e1c c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. N\u0103m 1950 l\u00e0 5,5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u0103m 1980 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 9,8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000 l\u00e0 12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 0,2 ha, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cho kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Song di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai b\u1ecb sa m\u1ea1c h\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u di\u1ec7n t\u00edch, khi\u1ebfn cho di\u1ec7n t\u00edch canh t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1ed7i n\u0103m gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 470 \u2013 670 ng\u00e0n ha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ho\u1eb7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch khai hoang. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 c\u1eb1n, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c di\u1ec7t c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m cho s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 g\u1ed7, khi\u1ebfn cho r\u1eebng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t ph\u00e1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. R\u1eebng l\u00e0 kho b\u00e1u m\u00e0u xanh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u1eebng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1850 \u0111\u1ebfn nay 1 t\u1ec9 ha r\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t ph\u00e1, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng nguy\u00ean sinh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda. Trong th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 80, \u1edf Braxin, In\u0111\u00f4n\u00eaxia\u2026 r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7t ph\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 2 tri\u1ec7u ha. B\u1edd Bi\u1ec3n Ng\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 cao nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m 1987, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 3%, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1eebng b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u00e0 5,9%. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t nhanh. Nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c thi\u1ebfu, \u0111\u00e3 san ph\u1eb3ng t\u1eebng c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean. Sau ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 r\u1eebng che ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 Xuy\u00ean l\u00e0 19%, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 80 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 13%, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu. N\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0y nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c do t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nhanh khi\u1ebfn cho ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 v\u00f9ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vi\u1ec7c v\u00e2y l\u1ea5n m\u1eb7t h\u1ed3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, khai th\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, khi\u1ebfn cho ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebfu c\u00e0ng thi\u1ebfu h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh c\u00f2n khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00eam kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian ti\u00eau hao h\u1ebft d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch. V\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng, n\u00ean m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Trong ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 95% l\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 th\u1ea1ch. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 80, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quy ra than ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 11 t\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau hao n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh c\u0169ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 khai th\u00e1c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt, khi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ee7ng lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u00e0y nay lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng g\u1eb7p, nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a axit, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v.v\u2026 kh\u00f4ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn do t\u0103ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng tai h\u1ecda kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp, nguy c\u01a1 sinh th\u00e1i s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec3m h\u1ecda l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XXI. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u tho\u00e1t duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng xu\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1 0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0y nay, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1eebng, ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng nhanh, nhu c\u1ea7u l\u01b0\u01a1ng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9174"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9174\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}