V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc xong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nghi ng\u1edd. V\u00ec sao sinh v\u1eadt l\u1ea1i t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i? Ch\u00fang t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1i g\u00ec? Ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i ra sao? Xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
B\u1ecf \u1ed1c v\u00e0o trong dung d\u1ecbch oxit th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 50 mg\/l, \u0111o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong \u1ed1c ta s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n 7 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn 25 mg\/kg, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i 500 l\u1ea7n, sau 14 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t 35 mg\/kg; sau 19 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t 40 mg\/kg, sau 42 ng\u00e0y t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 60 mg\/kg, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i cao \u0111\u1ea1t 1.200 l\u1ea7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, con \u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh, khi\u1ebfn cho n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao. Sinh v\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cao, ta g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt t\u00edch l\u0169y. S\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y \u1edf nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau. Sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 lo\u00e0i t\u1ea3o n\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn asen, r\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y ch\u00ec, lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch l\u0169y DDT v.v.. S\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u quy lu\u1eadt di d\u1eddi, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0m bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i xem m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i. Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n: r\u00eau \u2192 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9c B\u1eafc M\u1ef9 \u2192 b\u00e1o. Trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0y, ch\u1ea5t xeri \u2013 137 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1 m\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y t\u0103ng l\u00ean tu\u1ef3 theo c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 210 \u2013 300 bec\u01a1ren\/kg (Bq\/kg), 395 \u2013 730 Bq\/kg, 1.260 Bq\/kg (1 bec\u01a1ren l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed suy bi\u1ebfn trong 1 gi\u00e2y). Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i \u1edf trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean theo chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n, lo\u00e0i t\u1eb1m c\u00e1t c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 s\u1eaft, bari, k\u1ebdm v.v.. t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1edbn, \u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00f4m k\u00e9m h\u01a1n, cua xanh th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean cho d\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng v\u1eabn g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi sinh v\u1eadt, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt \u1edf cu\u1ed1i chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed uy hi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ec v\u1eady nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ra sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i trong chu\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c \u0103n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 di d\u1eddi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Sinh v\u1eadt t\u00edch l\u0169y; Sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ecdc xong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd n\u1ea3y ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nghi ng\u1edd. V\u00ec sao sinh v\u1eadt l\u1ea1i t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i? Ch\u00fang t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1i g\u00ec? Ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i ra sao? Xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u. B\u1ecf \u1ed1c v\u00e0o trong […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9246","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9246","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9246"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9246\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9246"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9246"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9246"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}