{"id":9338,"date":"2021-11-21T16:30:22","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T09:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=9338"},"modified":"2021-11-21T17:15:58","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T10:15:58","slug":"khong-khi-nhu-the-nao-moi-duoc-xem-la-khong-khi-trong-lanh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/khong-khi-nhu-the-nao-moi-duoc-xem-la-khong-khi-trong-lanh\/","title":{"rendered":"Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong l\u00e0nh?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Khi b\u1ea1n r\u1eddi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y xe c\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch \u1edf b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00fai n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, tinh th\u1ea7n s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y phong c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t trong l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 x\u00e9t th\u1ef1c ra kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a. Nh\u01b0ng trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt sinh s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 trong toa xe, ph\u00f2ng \u1edf, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, r\u1eebng n\u00fai v.v.. theo th\u00f3i quen \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng kh\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 6 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ec9 t\u1ea5n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi 1\/10 tri\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3ng 1.000 km, trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bao quanh m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 10 \u2013 12 km. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y, \u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau, khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1t trong l\u00e0nh. V\u1eady kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1t trong l\u00e0nh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u1eb7c kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, nit\u01a1 chi\u1ebfm 78,09%, oxi chi\u1ebfm 20,95%, kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 chi\u1ebfm 0,93%. Ba lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm 99,97% t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. Ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0: neon (Ne), heli (He), krypton (Kr), xenon (Xe), radon (Rn), v.v.. t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p n\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 kh\u00ed cacbonic v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. Trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cacbonic l\u00e0 0,02% &#8211; 0,04%, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi 4%. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u00f9a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, ch\u00fang g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u1ed3m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft, trong s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 hai ngu\u1ed3n: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 do trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean tai \u0111\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Hai l\u00e0 do lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. B\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt ion \u00e2m. C\u00e1c ion \u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vitamin c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng sinh l\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u1ede bi\u1ec3n, r\u1eebng n\u00fai, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u ion \u00e2m. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khi nit\u01a1, oxi, kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00ed hi\u1ebfm vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed cacbonic v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ion \u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e1t trong l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed; B\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n; Ion \u00e2m.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Khi b\u1ea1n r\u1eddi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y xe c\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn du l\u1ecbch \u1edf b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n, n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng n\u00fai n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i, tinh th\u1ea7n s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i h\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y phong c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9338"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9338\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}