\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. \u1ede t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t 10 50 km, tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i trong \u00e1nh n\u1eafng khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed oxi ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed oxi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u00f4z\u00f4n (O3) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 25 km h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4z\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng. T\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i trong \u00e1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t khi t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i th\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfu th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng g\u00e2y t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c di\u1ec7p t\u1ed1 trong l\u00e1 c\u00e2y, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 quang h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, khi\u1ebfn cho n\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t thu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i t\u0103ng l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f2n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, g\u00e2y n\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 da v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1ng. Hi\u1ec7n nay h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 da \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 10 v\u1ea1n, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1ng c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Theo d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, n\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3m \u0111i 1% kh\u00ed \u00f4z\u00f4n trong t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n th\u00ec l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 2%, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 5% – 7%, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean 0,2% – 0,6%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f2n l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du s\u1ed1ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u 20 m, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4m c\u00e1 con v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u1ed1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng sinh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
N\u0103m 1985 \u0111\u1ed9i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t Nam C\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Anh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Nam C\u1ef1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cl\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n\u201d r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u1ede l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y, h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u00f4z\u00f4n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u0103m 1987, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi B\u1eafc C\u1ef1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. V\u1ec1 sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i. V\u1eady cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ai \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n? Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u cho r\u1eb1ng \u201chung th\u1ee7\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t freon do ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea3i v\u00e0o trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Freon l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i kh\u00ed do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra, l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a cacbon, clo, flo nh\u01b0 CCl3F7, CHClF2 v.v.. T\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh, m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u00f4 t\u00f4 cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u00e1y c\u1ee9u h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t freon. C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed clo bay l\u01a1 l\u1eedng. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed clo r\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t b\u00e1t, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u00f4z\u00f4n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed oxi \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh hai ph\u00e2n t\u1eed oxi. M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed clo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i 10 v\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u00f4z\u00f4n. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4z\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hi\u1ec7n nay, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u1ee7y ban \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c quy ho\u1ea1ch m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u201cC\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf\u201d. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00ed freon. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh xanh \u201ckh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng freon\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i; T\u1ea7ng \u00f4z\u00f4n; Kh\u00ed \u00f4z\u00f4n; Clorua, florua<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng M\u1eb7t Tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. \u1ede t\u1ea7ng b\u00ecnh l\u01b0u c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t 10 50 km, tia t\u1eed ngo\u1ea1i trong \u00e1nh n\u1eafng khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed oxi ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh hai nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eed oxi l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed oxi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u00f4z\u00f4n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9374\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}