{"id":9438,"date":"2021-11-21T16:41:43","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T09:41:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/post\/?p=9438"},"modified":"2021-11-21T17:16:51","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T10:16:51","slug":"vi-sao-nha-may-xu-li-nuoc-thai-co-the-phat-dien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/vi-sao-nha-may-xu-li-nuoc-thai-co-the-phat-dien\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00ec sao nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan g\u00ec v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m 1980, C\u1ee5c B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 b\u00e1o cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Los Angeles, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd c\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd th\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u01b0a qua x\u1eed l\u00ed ra Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Los Angeles \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. Sau khi nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng b\u00f9n l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i sau khi x\u1eed l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecf \u0111i th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u0103m 1985, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i Los Angeles \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00ed h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u galon (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 3,785 tri\u1ec7u m\u00e9t kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5t b\u00f9n, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ban \u0111\u1ea7u). Sau \u0111\u00f3 gia c\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t b\u00f9n n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi khi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua 18 lo\u00e0i vi sinh v\u1eadt l\u00ean men c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn kh\u00ed m\u00eatan. Hai lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n, c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t 25.000 kW. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i 60% d\u00f9ng cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f2n 40% th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Gia c\u00f4ng b\u00f9n th\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i. D\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i c\u00f2n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 25% &#8211; 30% n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4. B\u00f9n th\u1ea3i sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t, b\u1ed9t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh dung d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00ed ho\u00e1 sau \u0111\u00f3 cho ch\u00e1y trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebfu oxi, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f3 s\u1ea3n sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tuabin m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n. D\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1t nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nitrorua g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: Ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng b\u00f9n ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m; Kh\u00ed m\u00eatan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 gi\u1eefa nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan g\u00ec v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u0129 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9438"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9438\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}