N\u0103m 1991, sau khi b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 Chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Anh, M\u1ef9 can thi\u1ec7p v\u0169 trang, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5c I-r\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau hu\u1ef7 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t gi\u1ebfng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111em d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed5 ra v\u1ecbnh, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 48 km, r\u1ed9ng 12 km. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t kh\u00f3i kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Anh, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed9t k\u00edch b\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1, chim v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00fa ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m t\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 l\u1eabn v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n kho\u1ea3ng 3,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u1ea3i ra kho\u1ea3ng 1,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ea7u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 1,06 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n trong \u0111\u00f3 do d\u1ea7u b\u1ecb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 l\u00e0m r\u00f2 d\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 35 v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n. Khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n l\u00e0m r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 6 v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n, c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee9a kho\u1ea3ng 90 v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n. \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00f9 du v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u0103m 1969 v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i M\u1ef9 ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 r\u00f2 d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed7i kg b\u00f9n \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee9a 6 kg d\u1ea7u. B\u1ea3y n\u0103m sau m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i, t\u00f4m, cua \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m cho cua sinh s\u1ea3n \u00edt, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 cua ch\u1ebft v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u c\u00f2n t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u00fa, chim, l\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u00f2 s\u00e1t. D\u1ea7u d\u00ednh v\u00e0o l\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 sinh s\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean 2 tri\u1ec7u con chim bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. Bi\u1ec3n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f2n l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft, khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt m\u1ea5t \u0111i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Bi\u1ec3n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00f2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, mu\u1ed1n oxi h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t l\u00edt d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 400 tri\u1ec7u lit n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn s\u1ebd g\u00e2y n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebfu oxi nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed khi\u1ebfn cho n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Bi\u1ec3n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ebd ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng tai h\u1ecda l\u1edbn. N\u0103m 1970, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y, d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 ch\u1ea3y ra khi\u1ebfn cho v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n Nam Phi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n s\u00f4i. S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1989, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u h\u1ea1ng n\u1eb7ng 21 v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf eo bi\u1ec3n Alaska \u0111\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00fai san h\u00f4, l\u00e0m r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 10 tri\u1ec7u galon (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 37,85 tri\u1ec7u l\u00edt) d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 tr\u00e0n ra, g\u00e2y n\u00ean v\u1ee5 h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf B\u1eafc Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1ec1 sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng x\u00f3a h\u1ebft d\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n g\u00e2y ra h\u1ecfa ho\u1ea1n tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m th\u1ea5p ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ee9a 0,01 ppm d\u1ea7u th\u00ec c\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 24 gi\u1edd, n\u1ebfu h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh 0,1 ppm th\u00ec c\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 \u2013 3 gi\u1edd, th\u1ecbt c\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u00f9i d\u1ea7u. \u1ede bi\u1ec3n B\u1eafc H\u1ea3i h\u00e0ng n\u0103m v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i 500 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n d\u1ea7u n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. N\u0103m 1985, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 40% gan \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ed1i u, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i c\u00e1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 1\/3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00f3 t\u00e0u ch\u1edf d\u1ea7u v\u00ec \u0111\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m san h\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u00ecm \u1edf ven b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Ph\u00e1p, d\u1ea7u tr\u00e0n ra khi\u1ebfn cho chim h\u1ea3i \u00e2u ch\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i t\u1ea3o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, quang c\u1ea3nh b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec1u, b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 du l\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb kho\u00e1: \u00d4 nhi\u1ec5m d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf; H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng sinh th\u00e1i bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u0103m 1991, sau khi b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 Chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f9ng V\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Anh, M\u1ef9 can thi\u1ec7p v\u0169 trang, nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5c I-r\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau hu\u1ef7 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t gi\u1ebfng d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111em d\u1ea7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed5 ra v\u1ecbnh, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 48 km, r\u1ed9ng 12 km. Nh\u1eefng […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9452","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-moi-truong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9452","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9452"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9452\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9452"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9452"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9452"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}