\u0110a s\u1ed1 hoa c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 hoa l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh (trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa c\u00f3 nh\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhu\u1ef5 c\u00e1i), nh\u01b0 l\u00faa, b\u00f4ng, c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 hoa \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh (c\u00f3 hoa \u0111\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c hoa c\u00e1i), nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t\u2026 C\u00f3 khi tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u00f3 hoa c\u00e1i v\u00e0 hoa \u0111\u1ef1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 long nh\u00e3n, v\u1ea3i, d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u\u2026 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hoa \u0111\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c hoa c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 ng\u00e2n h\u1ea1nh, \u0111u \u0111\u1ee7, c\u00e2y gai d\u1ea7u\u2026 Ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hoa \u0111\u1ef1c, hoa c\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u1ed3ng \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, hun kh\u00f3i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh hoa c\u00e1i (ho\u1eb7c hoa \u0111\u1ef1c) qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh hoa l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh. S\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ef1c c\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. V\u1eady c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y l\u1ea5y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t l\u00e0m v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng ng\u1eafn m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hoa c\u00e1i d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, c\u00f2n th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng d\u00e0i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hoa \u0111\u1ef1c d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c h\u1ea1 l\u01b0u s\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang Trung Qu\u1ed1c, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng hai l\u1ea7n; m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a, do khi m\u1ea7m hoa ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 ng\u1eafn, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p, n\u00ean hoa c\u00e1i ra s\u1edbm, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u; c\u00f2n m\u00f9a h\u00e8 tr\u1ed3ng d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t do th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng d\u00e0i, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao, m\u1ea7m hoa ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 \u00edt, v\u00ec v\u1eady hoa c\u00e1i ra mu\u1ed9n, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Hun kh\u00f3i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hoa c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, trong kh\u00f3i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 cacbon \u0111ioxit. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng: d\u00f9ng 0,3% cacbon \u0111ioxit x\u1eed l\u00ed m\u1ea7m non c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 hoa \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 hoa c\u00e1i gi\u1ea3m t\u1eeb 45,2:1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00ed h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 2,4:1, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n hoa \u0111\u1ef1c s\u1edbm h\u01a1n hoa c\u00e1i, m\u00e0 sau khi d\u00f9ng cacbon \u0111ioxit x\u1eed l\u00ed, hoa c\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm h\u01a1n hoa \u0111\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ch\u1ea5t cacbon \u0111ioxit c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hoa c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t. Ch\u1ea5t cacbon \u0111ioxit c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi rau ch\u00e2n v\u1ecbt, th\u1ea3o mai, c\u00e2y gai d\u1ea7u\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng (ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc) \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t. Ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ethephon v\u00e0 gibbereli. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi m\u1ea7m non c\u00e2y d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u00ed \u0111\u1ecf l\u1edbn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 4 l\u00e1 d\u00f9ng 100-200 ppm dung d\u1ecbch ethephon phun l\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00e1, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho trong kho\u1ea3ng 10-12 m\u1ea5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh leo ch\u00ednh ra nhi\u1ec1u hoa c\u00e1i, th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hoa c\u00e1i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 phun hai l\u1ea7n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cho n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ra hoa c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ra hoa \u0111\u1ef1c. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ra nhi\u1ec1u hoa \u0111\u1ef1c, khi c\u00e2y ra 2-4 l\u00e1, d\u00f9ng 25 – 50 ppm gibberellin phun l\u00ean m\u1eb7t l\u00e1 s\u1ebd ra nhi\u1ec1u hoa \u0111\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 acid naphthylacetic, malec hydrazide\u2026 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 dung d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhu\u1ef5 c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1ea1i sao ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kinh t\u1ebf, \u00fd ngh\u0129a kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u1ebfu t\u0103ng nhu\u1ef5 c\u00e1i v\u00e0 hoa c\u00e1i s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho c\u00e2y \u0103n qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra hoa qu\u1ea3 s\u1edbm, t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ee9c k\u00e9o c\u1ee7a s\u1ee3i gai l\u1ea5y c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ef1c l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ef1c so v\u1edbi c\u00e2y c\u00e1i cao h\u01a1n 25% – 35%, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2y c\u00e1i to kho\u1ebb, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ednh bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu\u1ef3 theo nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf theo \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110a s\u1ed1 hoa c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00e0 hoa l\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00ednh (trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa c\u00f3 nh\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nhu\u1ef5 c\u00e1i), nh\u01b0 l\u00faa, b\u00f4ng, c\u1ea3i d\u1ea7u, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 hoa \u0111\u01a1n t\u00ednh (c\u00f3 hoa \u0111\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c hoa c\u00e1i), nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t\u2026 C\u00f3 khi tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y c\u00f3 hoa c\u00e1i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9830","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9830","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9830"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9830\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9830"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9830"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9830"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}