H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ta s\u1ed1ng trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u00edt th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, v\u1eady th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u1eeb tinh v\u00e2n M\u1eb7t T r\u1eddi ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i c\u1ea7u l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 bao tr\u00f9m b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u00f2a tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong. Khi \u0111\u00f3 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hy\u0111ro, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 90%. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00ed m\u00eatan, amoniac, h\u00eali v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nit\u01a1, oxi v\u00e0 kh\u00ed cacbonic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u1ec1 sau v\u00ec l\u1ef1c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, kh\u1ed1i c\u1ea7u l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo n\u00e0y co l\u1ea1i. T rong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh co l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb \u00e9p, khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u1eeb trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n ra kh\u00f4ng trung. Khi Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thu nh\u1ecf ch\u1eadm d\u1ea7n, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng co g\u00e2y ra c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n, T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed9i l\u1ea1nh \u0111i, v\u1ecf \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i. Ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u1eb1m trong v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u00e9p ra, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ecbu s\u1ee9c h\u00fat c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00ean n\u00f3 bao b\u1ecdc b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn cho tr\u00ean v\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t m\u1ecfng, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u00f2n kh\u00e1c xa v\u1edbi kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, hy\u0111ro, h\u00eali, amoniac v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00ed tr\u01a1 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, v.v..<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eafn k\u1ebft, d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng t\u1ec9 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong l\u00f2ng Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u0103ng l\u00ean, t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea7ng, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nham th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch ra l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u00f4ng, bi\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed b\u1ecb gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea7ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 kh\u00ed cacbonic tho\u00e1t ra v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y trong t\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u00e1nh n\u1eafng M\u1eb7t T r\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh hy\u0111ro v\u00e0 oxi. Nh\u1eefng oxi n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi hy\u0111ro trong amoniac khi\u1ebfn cho nit\u01a1 trong amoniac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi hy\u0111ro trong kh\u00ed m\u00eatan khi\u1ebfn cho cacbon trong m\u00eatan ph\u00e2n ly ra. Nh\u1eefng cacbon n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi oxi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed cacbonic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh: oxi, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, nit\u01a1 v\u00e0 cacbonic. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00ed cacbonic nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f2n oxi th\u00ec \u00edt h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T heo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ecb g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn nay, T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n n\u0103m t\u1ec9 n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 1,8 – 1,9 t\u1ec9 n\u0103m, c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt th\u1ee7y sinh d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. C\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y kho\u1ea3ng 700 – 800 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho n\u00ean r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quang h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, khi\u1ebfn cho th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt sinh s\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Khi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh quang h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 h\u00fat kh\u00ed cacbonic trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1ea3 ra oxi khi\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxi trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhanh, cho n\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 500 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t c\u0169ng t\u0103ng nhanh. S\u1ef1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn cho oxi trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed cacbonic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Sau khi \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u00ean T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 khi ch\u1ebft thi th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u1ee5c r\u1eefa, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn anbumin bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh amoniac v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i amoni, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh nit\u01a1. B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh amoniac v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1i amoni th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng oxi h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u1eed oxi c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 \u0111i v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. T rong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00ed nit\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh n\u00ean r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, do \u0111\u00f3 nit\u01a1 trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u00edch l\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u1ea7n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. Nit\u01a1 chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 78%, oxi kho\u1ea3ng 21%, agon g\u1ea7n 1%, t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kh\u00ed vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn 1%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1ecf T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4 l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc. Ng\u00e0y nay lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao trong V\u0169 Tr\u1ee5, qua so s\u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh tinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5, b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111ang \u1edf nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00fap ta t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a T r\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 s\u00e2u th\u00eam m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
T \u1eeb kho\u00e1: T\u1ea7ng kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n; H\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t; V\u1ecf Tr\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea5t r\u1eafn k\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
H\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y ta s\u1ed1ng trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, h\u00edt th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, v\u1eady th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_disable_autopaging":false},"categories":[15,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9843","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoi-dap-khoa-hoc","category-tu-nhien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9843","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9843"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9843\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9843"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9843"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vietlearn.org\/kien-thuc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9843"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}